Bibliographic record
Abstract
46. Acalypha tremula I.Montero & Cardiel Systematic Botany 45 (1): 127 (Montero Muñoz et al. 2020a). — Type: Madagascar. Sava [Antsiranana], Province de Diego-Suarez, Vohemar, commune rurale de Daraina, forêt d’Ankaramy, 181 m, 13°17.1’S, 49°40.91’E, 26.II.2004, L. Nusbaumer & P. Ranirison 1227 (holo-, G [G00006790], iso-, K, P [P04786267, P05547264], TAN). — Paratypes: Madagascar. Sava region (Antsiranana prov.), Fivondronana, Diego II, commune Mahavanona, Montagne des Français, forêt d’Ampitiliantsambo, à 3 heures de marche à pied, à l’Est d’Andranomanitra, 205 m, 12°23’13”S, 49°23’04”E, 14.I.2005, R. Randrianaivo et al. 1160 (BR [BR0000005242887], CNARP, MO [MO2965736], P, TAN); Ambilobe, Mahamasina, Réserve Spéciale d’Ankarana, chemin d’Ambohimalaza, sous-bois sur basalte, 110 m, 12°58’1.20”S, 49°6’5.11”E, 08.II.2003, M. Bardot-Vaucoulon 1400 (P [P00455711], K, MO [MO-2966207], TAN); Vohemar, commune rurale de Daraina, forêt de Solaniampilana-Maroadabo, 422 m, 13°06.50’S, 49°33.97’E, 03.II.2006, L. Nusbaumer & P. Ranirison LN 2181 (G [G00074394]). ICONOGRAPHY. — Montero Muñoz et al. (2020a); Figs 69G; 73B. ETYMOLOGY. — The epithet refers to the resemblance of the long petiolate leaves of this species to those of the Eurosiberian tree Populus tremula L. (Salicaceae). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Endemic to Madagascar (Diana and Sava). Dry deciduous forest. On clay soil on basement rocks. Altitudinal range 110-420 m (Fig. 68). PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — The EOO of Acalypha tremula is estimated to be 2 609 km 2 and its AOO 16 km 2. It has been collected from three protected areas: Montagne des Français (see assessment of A. gillespieae), Ankarana Special Reserve (see assessment of A. ankaranensis), and Loky-Manambato (see assessment of A. menavody). The small number of locations, together with continuing habitat loss and degradation in these areas, lead us to assess A. tremula as Endangered: EN B1ab(i,iii) + B2ab(ii,iii). MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 4 collections. Madagascar: Bardot-Vaucoulon, M. 1400 (K, MO[MO-2966207], P[P00455711], TAN); Nusbaumer, L. LN 1227 (G[G00006790], K, P[P05547264, P04786267]), LN 2181 (G[G00074394]); Randrianaivo, R. 1160 (BR[BR0000005242887], CNARP, MO[MO-2965736], TAN). DESCRIPTION Shrubs, probably deciduous, to 4 m tall, divaricately branched, monoecious. Branches slightly angular,dark brown, rugose,pubescent with simple, antrorsely curved trichomes, glabrescent when mature. Axillary buds, spherical, to 1 mm diameter, perulate, perules 2, imbricate, chartaceous, scarious, glabrous. Stipules to 3 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, apex acute, midrib prominent, scarious toward margins, glabrous. Petioles slender, (3-) 4-6 cm long, glabrous. Leaf blades (4-)5-7.5 × (3.5-) 4-6.5 cm, broadly ovate to subtriangular, subchartaceous; base rounded to truncate; apex acuminate, acumen 0.5-1 mm long, acute; margin crenate to serrate,teeth rounded to subacute; upper surface subglabrous, with some sparse, simple, erect trichomes; lower surface subglabrous, with some simple trichomes on veins; axils of secondary veins with hair-tuft domatia; margin ciliate in sinuses (except on older leaves); venation actinodromous, basal veins 3, secondary veins 3-5 per side. Stipels absent. Inflorescences spiciform, androgynous and male, axillary, sometimes bearing erinaceous galls. Androgynous inflorescences to 7 cm long, mostly male with 1 female bract; sessile. Female segment: bract 1, sessile, enlarging in fruit to 3 × 4 mm, reniform, glabrous; margin subentire, with minute blackish papillae; bracteoles absent. Male segment persistent, to 6.5 cm long; flowers glomerate; bracts to 0.5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, sparsely hairy with some simple trichomes at apex. Male inflorescences to 7 cm long, filiform; sessile; rachis thin, glabrous; bracts like those on androgynous inflorescences. Male flowers: pedicel to 0.5 mm long, glabrous; buds to 0.5 mm diameter, glabrous. Female flowers 1 per bract, sessile; sepals 3, to 1 mm long, triangular-lanceolate,ciliate; ovary c. 1.5 mm diameter, 3-lobed, echinate with linear projections to 2 mm, hispidulous and ending in simple trichome(s) or gland, surface hispidulous; styles 3, to 5 mm long, distinct or slightly connate at base, sparsely hairy with simple, short trichomes, each divided into 5-7 slender segments. Allomorphic flowers not seen. Capsules to 3 mm diameter, erinaceous, projections linear,to 3.5mm long, acute, hispidulous,ending in trichome(s) or gland, surface sparsely hispidulous. Seeds c. 1.3 × 1 mm, pyriform, smooth.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".