Bibliographic record
Abstract
29. Acalypha leptomyura Baill. Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar Atlas, 2, Fasc. 27: t. 191 (Baillon 1891). — Type: Madagascar. Baillon 1891: pl. 191, holotype. ICONOGRAPHY. — Baillon (1891: t. 191); Figs 54C, D; 57A. ETYMOLOGY. — The epithet is taken from the Greek ‘leptos’, fine or delicate, ‘ myos ’, mouse, and ‘oura’, tail. It possibly refers to the thin rachis of the inflorescences. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Endemic to Madagascar (Diana, Sofia, Betsiboka, Alaotra-Mangoro, Analamanga, Bongolava, Melaky, Menabe, Atsimo-Andrefana, Androy, Anosy, Atsimo-Atsinanana, and Ihorombe). Lowland evergreen moist forest, dry deciduous forest, and sclerophyllous woodland. On sandstone, unconsolidated sand, and Mesozoic limestone. Altitudinal range (15-) 100-1000 (-1400) m (Fig. 48). PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — The EOO of Acalypha leptomyura is estimated to be 385 705 km 2 and its AOO 120 km 2, which is less than the 500 km 2 threshold of the B2 subcriterion of the Endangered category. This species grows in a variety of forests: dry deciduous forests, (see assessment of A. diminuta), lowland evergreen moist forests (see assessment of A. emirnensis), and sclerophyllous woodlands, which mostly have been converted to secondary grasslands by human activities such as fires for agriculture or cattle grazing (Kull 2003; Gautier et al. 2018). This species has been collected in some protected areas, but it is also known from several unprotected forests subject to various threats. Ongoing habitat loss will cause continued decline of its EOO and AOO. Acalypha leptomyura is assessed as Near Threatened (NT) under criterion B. It meets the AOO values needed for a threatened category, but the number of locations is too high to meet the conditions required for a listing under the Endangered category. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 42 collections. Madagascar. Andriamihajarivo,T. 1108 (MO [MO-3025023], P[P01104326], TAN); Baron, R. 4576 (P[P04779799]), 4685 (P[P05547007, P05547009]); Bosser,M.J. 9078 (P[P04779786]), 9089 (P[P04779785]), 10256 (P[P00324462]); Capuron, R. 2020 (P[P05547053, P05547054]); d’Alleizette, Ch. s.n. (L[L0241867]); Decary, R. 1128 (P[P05547011]), 7312 (C, P[P00513075]), 7535 (G, P[P05604421], S), 15818 (P[P05510105, P00324523]), 15823 (P[P05547221]), 17043 (P[P05547217]), 18845 (P[P05547220]); Dequaire, J. 27125 (P[P05547219]); Grevé, H. 109 (K, P[P00513081, P00513082, P00513083]); Humbert, H. 3533 (G, K, P[P00513076, P00513077, P00513078]), 4089 (P[P00513079, P00513080]), 7089 (P[P05547223]), 13829 (P[P00513074]), 18819 (P[P00513067, P00513068]), 19671 (K, P[P05547222]); Labat, J.-N. 2320 (P[P023912], WAG[WAG.1578522]); Leandri, J. 150 (P[P05547050]), 154 (P[P05547051]); 167 (P[P00324570]), 600 (P[P00513065, P00513066]), 930 (P[P05547052]), 2121 (G, P[P05547225]); Morat, P. 4714 (P[P05547008, P05547010]), 4736 (P[P05546999, P05547000, P05547001, P05547002, P05547003]); Nicoll, M.F. 162 (K, MO, P[P00513064]); Perrier de la Bâthie, H. 9812 (P[P00513069, P00513070, P00513071, P00513072]); Rakotonao 11308 (P[P05547005]); Randrianarivony, T. 749 (P[P01084145]); Randrianasolo, A. 6866 (P[P05547006]); Rasamison 12296 (P[P05547049]), 12314 (P[P05547218]); Service Forestier Madagascar 54 (G, P[P00513073]), 166-SF (P[P00513163]); Waterlot, M. 624 (P[P05547004]). REFERENCES. — Baillon (1892: 1004); Koehne (1892: 131); Palacký (1907: 25); Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 112); Leandri (1942: 271); Govaerts et al. (2000: 72); Montero Muñoz et al. (2018a: 103). DESCRIPTION Shrubs, deciduous, to 1.5 m tall, divaricately branched, monoecious. Branches pubescent with simple, curved, antrorse trichomes, glabrescent when mature. Axillary buds spherical, to 0.5 mm diameter, perulate, perules 2, imbricate, chartaceous, brownish, ciliate. Stipules to 1.5 mm long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous except margin with some sessile glands and apex with some hyaline trichomes to 1 mm long. Petioles filiform, 0.3-0.7(-1.5) cm long, indumentum similar to that on young branches, base also with hyaline trichomes to 1 mm long. Leaf blades (1.5-)2.5-3.5(-4.5) × 1-2(-2.5) cm, ovate-lanceolate to subtriangular, membranous; base obtuse to truncate; apex subacuminate, acumen to 8 mm long, rounded to subacute; margin crenate to serrate, teeth rounded to subacute, sometimes with gland at apex; upper surface laxly pubescent with sparse, simple, long, erect trichomes, and with simple, short, curved trichomes on veins; lower surface indumentum similar to that on upper surface but denser; venation actinodromous, basal veins 3, secondary veins 4-5 per side. Stipels slightly fleshy, linear-lanceolate, to 0.5 mm long, glabrous. Inflorescences spiciform, androgynous, and solitary female bracts, axillary. Androgynous inflorescences to 4 cm long, mostly male with 1 female bract; sessile; rachis filiform, pubescent. Female segment: bract 1, sessile, enlarging in fruit to 5 mm diameter, suborbicular, subglabrous, with some sparse, simple, erect trichomes; margin entire to crenate, teeth 5-7, rounded, central tooth sometimes prominent; sterile female bracts sometimes present, similar to regular female bracts, to 1 mm diameter; bracteoles absent. Male segment persistent, to 3.5 cm long; flowers glomerate; bracts to 0.3 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, sparsely hairy with sparse trichomes, margin with some sessile glands. Solitary female bracts sessile, similar to those of androgynous inflorescence. Male flowers: pedicel to 0.3 mm long, sparsely hairy; buds to 0.5 mm diameter, subglabrous, papillose. Female flowers 1 per bract, sessile; sepals 3, to 0.5 mm long, triangular, ciliate; ovary c. 0.6 mm diameter, 3-lobed, papillose-hispid, papillae minute, rounded, ending in simple trichome to 1 mm long, surface pubescent with simple, short trichomes; styles 3, to 3 mm long, distinct, subglabrous, with some long, hyaline trichomes, each divided into c. 10 segments. Allomorphic flowers not seen. Capsules to 2 mm diameter, papillose-hispid, papillae rounded, ending in hyaline trichome to 1 mm long., surface pubescent with simple, short trichomes. Seeds c. 1.5 × 1.2 mm, pyriform, minutely foveolate.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".