Homocopris grossiorum Darling & Genier 2024, sp. nov.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Homocopris grossiorum Darling & Génier sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A7F14F5E-EF36-4BAA-B81F-88BDBC8FFE4F Figs 5–6, 17–18, 27, 33, 37, 43, 48, 66 Differential diagnosis Dorsal ocular width subequal to one-sixth interocular distance; anterior pronotal edge tends to be medially indented; posterior pronotal surface uniformly punctate; elytral interstriae punctation tends to be invisible at 10 × magnification; metasternal depression divided anteriorly. ♂ pronotal ridge with a single medial pair of distinct tubercles in large individuals; paramere apex unevenly rounded, projecting dorsally; FLP endophallite reduced. Etymology Grossiorum is the Latin plural genitive form of Grossi. This species is named in honour of Everardo and Paschoal Grossi, two avid Brazilian collectors and accomplished entomologists. Name-bearing type data Holotype ♂ (CEMT) (Fig. 52): “ BRASIL: Rio de Janeiro. | Itatiaia. PARNA Itatiaia. | 1700m. 22°25’5.5”S; | 44°38’6.7”W. Pitfall. | 23-26-xii-2011. | C Araújo & R Andrade”; “WORLD | SCARAB. | DATABASE | WSD00035641” [barcode label]; “ HOLOTYPE ♂ | Homocopris | grossiorum | Des. Darling & Génier, 2018“ [on red card with black border]. Type locality Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 22°25′05.5″ S, 43°38′06.7″ W, 1700 m, Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Type material (48 ♂♂, 19 ♀♀) Holotype BRASIL • ♂; “ Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia, 1700 m [22°25′5″ S, 44°38′7″ W], 20.i.2012, mata atlántica, pitfall trap: human feces, C. Araújo ”; CEMT. Allotype BRASIL • ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CEMT. Paratypes BRAZIL • Minas Gerais • 1 ♂; Serra dos Côchos, Passa Quatro; [22°23′30″ S, 44°58′30″ W]; 1460 m; 15 Jan. 1923; J. Zikán; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 17 Feb. 1923; J. Zikán; CEMT. – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♂; Itatiaia; [22°28′ S, 44°34′ W]; Jan. 1992; Celso Jr.; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Apr. 1992; C. Godinho; CEMT • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; Mar. 1990; [anonymous]; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; Jan. 1994; [anonymous]; CMD • 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; Feb. 1992; V. Allard; PMOC • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 28 Feb. 1990; C. and D. Godinho; CEMT • 1 ♀; Itatiaia; [22°28′ S, 44°34′ W]; 1500 m; Feb. 1992; [anonymous]; PMOC • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Macaé de Cima; [22°23′ S, 42°29′ W]; Mar. 2000; Vaz-de-Mello; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; [no date]; E. and P. Grossi; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Apr. 2006; E. and P. Grossi; CEMT • 3 ♂♂; Macaé de Cima, Nova Friburgo; [22°23′ S, 42°29′ W]; 1400 m; 15 Apr. 2007; E. and P. Grossi; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; Mar. 2000; Lopes-Andrade, Gumier and Vaz-de-Mello; CEMT • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; Mar. 2006; Vaz-de-Mello and Grossi; CEMT • 2 ♀♀; Mury, 8 km E of Nova Friburgo; [22°21′49″ S, 42°33′7″ W]; 1150 m; 22 Jan. 2000; F. Génier & S. Ide 2000-12; quasi-primary mountain Atlantic Forest, dung trap; CMNC • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 22 Jan. 2000; F. Génier and S. Ide 2000-13; quasi-primary mountain Atlantic Forest, dung trap; CMNC • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 22 Jan. 2000; F. Génier and S. Ide 2000-14; quasi-primary mountain Atlantic Forest, carrion trap; CMNC • 1 ♂; Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis; [22°27′.43″ S, 43°0′53.24″ W]; 1550 m; 16–18 Dec. 2014; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis; [22°27′8.1″ S, 43°0′51.98″ W]; 1650 m; 16–18 Dec. 2014; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 1 ♂; Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis; [22°27′11.56″ S, 43°0′56.41″ W]; 1680 m; 28–30 Jan. 2014; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis; [22°27′19.3″ S, 43°1′3.79″ W]; 1750 m; 16–18 Dec. 2014; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 1 ♂; Parque Nacional do Itatiaia; [22°28′ S, 44°34′ W]; 4 Jan. 1991; [anonymous]; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia; [22°25′17″ S, 44°37′59″ W]; 1600 m; 4. Jan. 1991; E. and P. Grossi; CEMT • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 23–26 Dec. 2011; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 20 Jan. 2012; C. Araújo; mata atlántica, pitfall trap: human feces; CEMT • 1 ♂; Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia; [22°25′20″ S, 44°38′9″ W]; 1650 m; 20 Jan. 2012; C. Araújo; mata atlántica, pitfall trap: human feces; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; CEMT • 1 ♂; same locality as for holotype; 20 Jan. 2012; C. Araújo; mata atlántica, pitfall trap: human feces; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia; [22°25′1.1″ S, 44°38′35.5″ W]; 1850 m; 23–26 Dec. 2011; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 1 ♂; Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itatiaia; [22°24′47.2″ S, 44°38′23.5″ W]; 1900 m; 23–26 Dec. 2011; C. Araújo and R. Andrade; pitfall trap; CEMT • 1 ♀ (paratype of Pinotus torulosus var. Minor Luederwaldt); Rio de Janeiro; BMNH. – São Paulo • 1 ♂; Campos do Jordão; [22°44′ S, 45°35′ W]; 20 Feb. 1999; E. A. Pereira; CEMT • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Campos do Jordão; [22°44′ S, 45°35′ W]; 1850 m; Jan. 2005; G.P. Almeida; CEMT • 1 ♂; Horto Florestal de Campos do Jordão; [22°41′24″ S, 45°28′48″ W]; 27 Dec. 1998; G.P. Almeida; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; [NO DATA]; [no date], [anonymous]”; MNHN. Description Male holotype (Figs 5, 17, 27, 33, 37, 43, 48) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.4 mm. HEAD. Clypeus bidentate with broad, rounded teeth. Anteroventral clypeal process broad. Clypeal and genal surface rugose, clypeogenal suture demarcated by shallow notch. Posterior genal angle obtuse. Frontal surface reduced, smooth. Dorsal ocular width subequal to one-sixth interocular distance. Interocular surface medially smooth. Cephalic horn emerging centrally from clypeofrontal surface, tapering apically, gently curved, 3.6 mm in length. PROTHORAX. Anterior pronotal edge medially indented. Lateral pronotal edge angular on anterior fourth in dorsal view. Anterior pronotal declivity surface (Fig. 48) with fine transverse rugosities. Centrally paired tubercles along transverse pronotal ridge distinct, lateral pair indistinct. Posterior pronotal surface uniformly punctate. Prosternal apex acutely tipped. ELYTRA. Glossy overall. Striae 1–6 widest anteriorly; narrowing posteriorly. Third and fourth striae posteriorly joined. Eighth stria absent throughout. Ninth stria effaced along anterior quarter of elytral length. Interstriae convex, minutely punctate. HINDWING. Membrane edge between AP and AA sinuous. AP vein entire, converging with J. VENTRITES. Meso-metasternal suture straight. Surface of median metasternal lobe (Fig. 43) with uneven texture and deep, anteriorly divided impression. Lateral metasternal lobe densely setose. Fifth abdominal ventrite with sparse medial punctation. Pygidium coarsely punctate. PROTHORACIC LEGS. Anterior and posterior surface of profemur with dense row of long dark setae. Ventral profemoral surface finely punctate, sparsely setose. Protibia with three distinct teeth. Protibial forespur apically tapered, curving inward. MESOTHORACIC LEGS. Posterior surface of mesotrochanter with tuft of long dark setae. Anterior and posterior surface of mesofemur with sparse row of long dark setae. Outer surface of mesotibia serrate. Width at mesotibial apex one-third mesotibial length. METATHORACIC LEGS. Posterior surface of metatrochanter with tuft of long dark setae. Anterior and posterior surface of metafemur with sparse row of long dark setae. Outer surface of metatibia serrate. Width at metatibial apex one-third metatibial length. MALE GENITALIA. Aedeagus length: 2.8 mm. Medially paired sclerites of genital segment elongate (Fig. 37), subequal in length to lateral sclerites. Paramere (Fig. 27) laterally flattened, gently tapered with apex subtruncated, slightly projecting dorsally. FLP endophallite (Fig. 33) reduced, appearing rounded and truncated. Female allotype (Figs 6, 18) Similar to male with the following exceptions: Body length 12.6 mm. Clypeofrontal carina transverse, centrally raised. Interocular surface coarsely punctate. Anterior pronotal ridge low, followed by shallow concavity. Variation Body length 11–19 mm. Small males with medially projecting clypeofrontal ridge instead of cephalic horn. Anterior pronotal edge medially indented more often than evenly curved. Pronotal ridge in small males low, medially notched. Elytral interstriae minutely punctate (invisible at 10 ×) more often than finely punctate (visible at 10×). Distribution (Fig. 66) Serra dos Órgãos and Serra da Mantiqueira in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with recorded elevations between 1150 and 1900 m. Natural history Specimens with data were collected in Atlantic Forest and quasi-primary mountain Atlantic Forest. Most specimens were collected using pitfall traps with unspecified baits. A single specimen was collected in a carrion trap and three specimens were collected in pitfall traps baited with human faeces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".