Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dufourea marginata (Cresson) (Figs. 19–21) Panurgus marginatus Cresson, 1878: 62 (♀). Panurgus autumnalis Robertson, 1895: 121 (♀). Dufourea (Halictoides) marginata (Cresson): Mitchell, 1960: 516 (♀ ♂ redescription). Dufourea (Halictoides) marginata marginata (Cresson): Michener, 1951: 1132 (catalog); Hurd, 1979: 1936 (catalog); Moure & Hurd, 1987: 20 (catalog). Dufourea marginata (Cresson): Dumesh & Sheffield, 2012: 18 (♀ ♂ redescription [in part]). There are no records of this species in Michigan. Dufourea marginata occurs in Illinois, Wisconsin, and Ontario (Michener, 1951; Wolf & Ascher, 2009; Dumesh & Sheffield, 2012), and so could plausibly extend its range into both the southwest corner and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Dufourea marginata is a specialist on Helianthus L. (Stephen et al., 1969; Hurd et al., 1980), but has also been collected on other Asteraceae, including Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton, Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill, Erigeron speciosus (Lindl.) DC. var. macranthus (Nutt.) Cronquist, Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal, Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small, and Rudbeckia hirta L. (Stephen et al., 1969; Hurd, 1979; Hurd et al., 1980; Moure & Hurd, 1987). Dufourea marginata has also been recorded visiting Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) for nectar.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.031 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".