Laemosaccus nephele

Laemosaccus nephele (Herbst, 1797) (Figs. 1–3) Curculio nephele Herbst 1797: 54, Tab. XCIX, fig. 4D. Curculio plagiatus Fabricius 1798: 170. Laemosaccus plagiatus (Fabricius): Schönherr 1823: c.1136. Rhynchaenus plagiatus (Fabricius): Schönherr 1823: c.1136. Laemosaccus nephele (Herbst): O’ Brien and Wibmer 1982: 6. Redescription. Male. Length 3.3 mm, width 1.5 mm (Figs. 1, 2). Robust, subcylindrical in cross section, slightly obovate, broadly rounded behind, more narrowly so in front, black except each elytron with large red-orange spot on anterior 3/4 and from lateral margins nearly to suture and broadly rounded behind; pronotum and elytra glabrous, thorax and abdomen ventrally with punctures each with a silvery seta, head with inconspicuous setae on rostrum, denser and conspicuous behind lower 3/4 of eyes, setae more slender and semi-erect on basal half of femora, hair-like and erect on tergite 8; tergite 7 with small, scale-like setae on basal margin, otherwise glabrous. Head hemispherical, 0.55 mm wide; rostrum rounded-terete, coarsely punctate, 0.5 mm long, antennae inserted at middle. Pronotum gibbous, convex at base, constricted before anterior margin, 1.1 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, broadest at basal third with lateral margins very shallowly arcuate, slightly convex in lateral view, coarsely, evenly punctate, punctures rounded and separate, with distinct medial carina on basal 3/4. Elytra distinctly wider than pronotum at base, 2.0 mm long, 1.5 mm maximum width, striae subequal to intervals, coarsely punctate, intervals carinate, interval 3 weakly toothed on middle third, interval 5 weakly toothed on apical half. Abdominal ventrite 1 very slightly concave along midline, with setae less conspicuous. Profemora with broad, abruptly acute ventral tooth beyond middle. Genitalia as in Fig. 3; aedeagus 0.80 mm long. Female. As male but rostrum subcylindrical, polished, very finely, inconspicuously punctate; tergite 7 weakly convex, coarsely punctate, glabrous except at basal margin. Specimens Examined. North America: [“Amer. bor.”] “35504// Nephele n./ Curc. Neph. Ht./ Rhynch. plagiatus Thb.?” (male, lectotype, ZMHB). “ plagiatus F./Amer. bor.”//“35504/ Hist. Coll.”(female, paralectotype of Curculio nephele Herbst, ZMHB); “Amer. bor.” (BMNH); “North America ” [Pascoe Coll.] (BMNH). Canada: Ontario: Essex Co., Wheatley, 07.1967, K. Stephen (ASUHIC). USA: “Carolina” (Lectotype and 2 paralectotypes of Curculio plagiatus Fabricius, ZMUC); “Caroline//Fig. Gen. Ins.” (USNM); “S[outhern] I [llinois?]” [Sharpe Coll.] (BMNH); Mch, 1881,” from gall of C. cornigera (BYU). Alabama: [Dallas Co.], Hazen, on Quercus [Merriam], 30.04, 2.05.1923, [L. B. Woodruff] (AMNH), 19.04.1923, [L. B. Woodruff], Quercus digitata (AMNH), 12.04.1921, beating oak [L. B. Woodruff] (AMNH); [Jefferson Co.], “B’[irming]ham” [419A], 29.05.1955, [H. G. Steeves] (FMNH); [Madison Co.], 5 mi. NW Huntsville, 15.05.1959, D. G. Kissinger Acc. No. 437, Q. falcata leaf (CSCA); [Mobile Co.], Mobile, 9.05.1906, Boving (CHAH), 20- 21.04.1957, H. & A. Howden (CMNC); [Tuscaloosa Co.], Tuscaloosa, 3.07.1953, L. Franklin (CHAH). Arkansas: ‘south west Ark,” no date, G. Palm (AMNH); Cross Co., Village Creek State Park, 23.07.1976, L. Lowman (UAAM). Connecticut: [Litchfield Co.], Litchfield, 14.05.[?], [L. B. Woodruff] (AMNH). District of Columbia: Washington, 14.06.--, [C. Fuchs] (CASC). Florida: “Florida,” W. H. Ashmead (INHS), “Fla,” no date, [Holland Coll’ n] (CMPI), C. W. Leng (BYU); Enterprise, no date (LEMQ); Alachua Co., 24.03.1923, Alexander-Walker (UMMZ); Gainesville, 10.02.1923 (UMMZ), 12.04.1922, G. B. Merrill (AMNH), 13.05.1925, G. B. Merrill (FSCA), 20.04.1928, G. B. Merrill, oak (FSCA), 15.04.1957, G. B. Merrill, Quercus (FSCA), 24.04.20, P. W. Fattig (CASC); 2 mi. W Archer, 25.03.1953, B. K. Dozier, sweeping oak (FSCA), 4 mi. WArcher, 25.03.1953, H. F. Howden (CMNC); Bay Co., Lynn Haven, 19.05.23, [Andrews] (UMMZ); [DuVal Co.], Jacksonville, no date, R. M. Brattain (AMNH); Indian Riv. Co., 5 mi. S Vero Beach, 27.03.1976, C. W. O’ Brien, on Quercus (ASUHIC); Lake Co., Forest Hills, 5.04.1994, F. W. Skillman Jr., in swimming pool (ASUHIC); Leon Co., Tallahassee, 3, 5.05.1977, G. B. Marshall (ASUHIC), G. J. Wibmer, em. 15.04.2001, reared ex girdled hickory branch (ASUHIC), G. J. Wibmer, emerged 15.07, 19.08.2009, on hickory branch girdled by Oncideres, fell 10.2008 (ASUHIC); Liberty Co., Torreya St. Pk., 19- 23.04.1984 (ASUHIC); [Marion Co.], Ocala, 22.03.1922, F. W. Walker (UMMZ); [Pinellas Co.], Dunedin, 10.04.1921, W. S. B. (BYU); Polk Co., Lake Marion Creek Rd., Magnolia St, Em 04.2000, R. Morris, ex dead Quercus laevis branches (CMNC), Em. 1- 10.03.2000, R. Morris, ex: Quercus (RFMC), Em. 04.2000, R. Morris, Ex. Fire killed Quercus virginiana (RFMC); Santa Rosa Co., Blackwater R. at Riley Landing, 3 mi. W Holt, 2.06.1973, J. N. & E. C. Reynolds (ASUHIC); [Taylor Co.], Steinhatchee R., V, C. W. Leng (BYU); [Volusia Co.], Enterprise, C. W. Leng (BYU). Georgia: Georgia, Morrison (ZMHB), “Ga,” no date (MCZ); Barrow Co., Winder, emerged 21.02.1975, R. Turnbow (FSCA); [Bibb Co.], 5 mi. SE Mallin, 1- 10.06.1964, L. Camdre, light trap (ASUHIC); [Chatham Co.], Tybee Is, 06.1924, H. A. Wenzel (OSU), Savannah, Sommer (ZMHB); [Clark Co.], Athens, 18.05.1947, C. W. Fisher (TAMU); DeKalb Co., 03.06.1972 (TAMU); Hancock Co., 4.1 mi. S Sparta, 11.05.1976, R. Turnbow (FSCA); Johnson Co., 1 mi. E Kite, 11.05, 22.06.1976, R. Turnbow, on Quercus laevis Walter (ASUHIC); Richmond Co., Ft. Gordon, 18.05.1958, R. R. Snelling (LACM); Tattnall Co., 2 mi. E 147, along Ohoopee Riv., em. 15.02.1999, R. Morris, ex. Quercus sp. (RFMC), 3 mi. E 147, Ohoopee River, Em. 03-04.1998, R. Morris, Ex Quercus sp. Limbs (RFMC); Upson Co., Sprewell Bluff area, 23- 24.05.1987, R. Morris (RFMC). Illinois: [Kane/McHenry Co.], Algonquin, Nason (INHS); [Pulaski Co.] Karnak, 23.06.1932, Ross, Dozier, Park, on Taxodium sp. (INHS). Indiana: Marion Co., 27.06.1929, W. S. B. (BYU); Tippecanoe Co., 4.07.1962, N. M. Downie (FMNH). Louisiana: Natchitoches Par., Kisatchie Nat. Forl, Red Bluff Campgd., 17.05.1984, E. G. Riley (ASUHIC); Rapides Par., Boyce, 29.04.1982, E. G. Riley (ASUHIC); Winn Parish, S of Hwy 1232 ca. 2 mi. NE Calvin, 08.05.1987, C. B. & J. E. Barr (EMEC). Maryland: [Baltimore Co.], Granite, 8.03.1963, E. J. Ford Jr (NCSU), Lutherville, 03.07.1949, A. E. Thompson (CMNC), Sparrows Pt., 6.07.1931, J. W. Green (CASC); Frederick Co., Frederick Mun.For., 12.09.1990, M. J. Rothschild (CHAH); Wicomico Co., Pittsville, 31.05.1994, M. J. Rothschild (FSCA); Salisbury, 27.05, 1.06.1991, M. J. Rothschild (FSCA), Salisbury, Naylor Mill Park, 28.05.1995, M. J. Rothschild (NCSU); Worcester Co., Shad Landing St. Pk., 18.05.1985, C. L. Staines, Jr. (CHAH), Ocean City, 01.07.1958 (EMEC, UCDC). Massachusetts: “Mass,” no date, F. Knab (BMNH); [Barnstable Co.], Woods Hole, no date, 21.07.1898 (AMNH), Harwichport, 07.1933, L. Lacey (BYU); [Bristol Co.], Fall River, 9.06.1913, N.S. Easton (UMMZ). Michigan: [Washtenaw Co.], Whitmore Lk., 29.07.1956, G. H. Nelson, beating oak (AMNH), 7.07.1956, G. H. Nelson, Quercus velutina (AMNH). Mississippi: Attala Co., Natchez Trace, mi. 153.8, 32°57’19”N 89°36’46”W, 26.06.2007, T. L. Schiefer, beating fallen Quercus nigra (MEM); [Forrest/Lamar Co.], Hattiesburg, 1940, S. S. Easter (MEM); [George Co.], Lucedale, 13.05.1929, H. Dietrich (CASC); Jefferson Davis Co., 04.1970, on boll weevilsaturn yellow sticky trap 643 (MEM); [Lafayette Co.], Oxford, 2.05.1949, H. V. Weems, Jr., on Quercus (FSCA); Lowndes Co., Columbus 33°29’42”N 88°26’36”W, 23.05.2008, T. L. Schiefer, beating cut trees and shrubs (MEM); Neshoba Co., Philadelphia, 32°48’06”N 89°06’28”W, 18.05.2011, T. L. Schiefer, beating recently fallen trees (MEM); Noxabee Co., 10.8 mi. ESE Macon, 8.05.1974, W. H. Cross, in Leggett trap 2181 (MEM), Noxabee N.W. Refuge, 33°16’58”N 88°46’42”W, 214.05.2009, T. L. Schiefer, On fallen Quercus nigra (MEM); Oktibbeha Co., Starkville, T18N, R14E, Sec 12N 16.06.1992, T. L. Schiefer, beating Quercus sp. (MEM), Starkville, 33°27’41”N 88°51’28”W, 6.05.1997, T. L. Schiefer, beating recently cut trees (MEM), Starkville, 33°27’13”N 88°48’04”W, 15.05.2000, T. L. Schiefer, beating Quercus nigra (MEM), 6 mi. SW Starkville, 5.05.1986, R. L. & B. B. Brown, Malaise trap in mixes pine-hardwood forest (MEM), 3 mi. W Adaton, 33°29’00”N 88°58’13”W, 30.05.1996, T. L. Schiefer, beating trees and shrubs (MEM), 1 mi. NE Sessums, 33°25’32”N 88°42’09”W, 13.06.2013, T. L. Schiefer, beating recently cut trees (MEM), “A & M College,” 13.07.1927, J. M. Langston, oak LS27-16e (MEM), State College, Shipp (NCSU); Rankin Co., 9.5 mi. NNE Brandon, 7.06.1973, W. H. Cross, in Leggett trap 1203 (MEM); Tishomingo Co., Tishomingo St. Park, 34°37’13”N 88°11’50”W, 26.05.2010, J. Lewis, J. McGown. beating in hardwood forest (MEM); Winston Co., Tombigbee Nat. Forest, 33°12’49”N 89°05’28”W, 9.07.1999, T. L. Schiefer, beating cut trees (MEM). Missouri: Wayne Co., 3.5 mi. N Wappapello on Rt. Z, 11.06.1975, E. G. Riley (ASUHIC). New Jersey: “ New Jersey,” no date, [Van Dyke Coll] (CASC), “N.J.,” no date (LACM), F. A. Sheriff (CASC); Anglesea, 12.07.---, [E. L. Dickerson] (AMNH), 05.1930, H. W. Wenzel (OSU); Bonhamton, 26.08.1909, [L. B. Woodruff] (AMNH); Da Costa, “6-14,” “6-15” (OSU), “6-15,” H. A. Wenzel (OSU), no date (CMPI); Mt. Misery, 23.06.1940, R.G. Casselberry (AMNH); Palisades, [“Bred”?], C. W. Leng collection (BYU); [Atlantic Co.], Ocean City, 19.06.1937, R. G. Casselberry (AMNH); [Bergen Co.], Fort Lee District, no date (AMNH); [Burlington Co.] Medford, 03, 25.06.1939, E. J. F. Marx (AMNH), Atsion, 3.07.47, J. W. Green (WFBM); 5 mi. SE Browns Mill, em 5.196-, H. A. Hespenheide, rear ex chestnut oak (CHAH); [Cape May Co.] Wildwood, “7-1-0,” [Andrews] (UMMZ); [Essex Co.], Newark, no date (AMNH); [Hudson Co.], Nutley, 27.06.---, [E. L. Dickerson] (AMNH); [Middlesex Co.] Rahway, 2.08.---, [J. A. Grossbeck] (AMNH); [Mo

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