Brachymelecta californica

Brachymelecta californica (Cresson, 1878) Figs 1, 2A–B, 4B, 5, 6A–B, 7–8, 12A, 17 Melecta californica Cresson, 1878: 91 (♀, ♂); Cresson, 1916: 114 (♂) (lectotype designation). Melecta? mucida Cresson, 1879: 205 (♂), syn. nov. Melecta miranda Fox, 1893: 143 (♀). Pseudomelecta pasadenensis Cockerell, 1910: 27 (♀). Melecta sladeni Viereck, 1924: 15 (♀). Proposed common name California digger-cuckoo bee. Diagnosis The following morphological features in combination can be used to tell B. californica apart from all other Brachymelecta: the mesoscutum has a pair of anterior spots or (paramedian) bands of hairs darker than the surrounding off-white hairs (Fig. 5B); the mesoscutellum has a pair of short, mammiform tubercles (Fig. 5D); the fore wings are infuscate apically, with most cells as well as the membrane around the third submarginal crossvein (or second submarginal crossvein if the wing has only two submarginal cells) and second recurrent vein subhyaline (Fig. 5A–C); and T3 and T4 each have a medially interrupted fascia that is narrowed or interrupted (as opposed to continuously expanded) laterally, mesad the inner pair of anterolateral extensions (there are two such lobe-like extensions on each side) (Fig. 5A–C). Brachymelecta californica is most similar to B. interrupta, but in B. interrupta the fore wings are infuscate throughout except around the third submarginal crossvein and second recurrent vein, where they are subhyaline, and T3 and T4 each have a medially interrupted fascia that is broadened anterolaterally, that of T3 into the inner pair of anterolateral extensions. Additionally, in B. interrupta the lighter hairs covering the head, mesosoma, and metasoma range from pale yellow to yellow orange, whereas in B. californica they are off-white or very rarely pale yellow. Material examined Primary type material CANADA • ♀, M. sladeni holotype; British Columbia, Summerland; 9 Aug. 1916; F.W.L. Sladen leg.; CNC 652. USA • ♂, M. californica lectotype; California; “ H. Edwards, Behrens”; ANSP 2292 • ♀, P. pasadenensis holotype; Pasadena, Los Angeles County; 30 Apr. 1909; F. Grinnell Jr. leg.; CAS 15525 • ♂, M.? mucida holotype; Nevada; H.K. Morrison leg.; ANSP 2294 • ♀, M. miranda holotype; South Dakota, Rapid City; J.T. Aldrich leg.; ANSP 10129. Secondary type material CANADA • 1 ♀, M. sladeni paratype; British Columbia, Westbank; 20 Jul. 1919; E.R. Buckell leg.; CNC 891698. USA • 6 ♂♂, M. californica paralectotypes; California; “ H. Edwards, Behrens”; ANSP 2292-3 to 2292- 8 • 1 ♀, M. miranda paratype; South Dakota, Custer; J.T. Aldrich leg.; ANSP 10129. DNA barcoded material Available. Two BINs: BOLD:AAC6481. Specimens examined and sequenced: CANADA • 1 ♀; British Columbia, White Lake (Okanagan Falls), Regional District of Okanagan- Similkameen; 49.3028° N, 119.6286° W; 17 Aug. 2008; L.R. Best leg.; BOLD sample ID: LRBBC1015; PCYU LRB-445. USA • 1 ♂; Arizona, Catalina Hwy (Santa Catalina Mountains), Pima County; 32.3636° N, 110.7128° W; 29 May 2015; T.M. Onuferko leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570 A09; PCYU • 1 ♀; Arizona, Catalina Hwy (Santa Catalina Mountains), Pima County; 32.3242° N, 110.7064° W; 10 May 2016; T.M. Onuferko leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570 B02; PCYU • 1 ♂; Arizona, Near Desert Botanical Garden (Phoenix), Maricopa County; 31 May 2018; T.M. Onuferko leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB- 34570 A11; PCYU • 1 ♂; Arizona, SE of Willcox, Cochise County; 32.2350° N, 109.7785° W; 30 Aug. 2016; L. Packer leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570 A05; PCYU • 1 ♀; Colorado, Cortez, Montezuma County; 37.3570° N, 108.5900° W; 27 Jul. 2012; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-06707 F05; PCYU PCYU-GS-07:870 • 1 ♀; New Mexico, NM 15 (16.7 mi N of Silver City), Gila National Forest; 32.9462° N, 108.1978° W; 5 Sep. 2015; R.R. Ferrari leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570 A03; PCYU • 1 ♀; Oregon, Hwy 140, Klamath County; 42.2132° N, 121.8306° W; 2 Jul. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; BOLD sample ID: 07-OR-1265; PCYU PYU-2308. BOLD:AAC6482. Specimens examined and sequenced: USA • 1 ♂; California, Isabella Walker Pass Road (10.4 mi E of Onyx), Kern County; 35.6658° N, 118.0386° W; 12 Sep. 2015; T.M. Onuferko and S. Tessier leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570 A01; PCYU • 1 ♀; California, Near Descanso Gardens (La Cañada Flintridge), Los Angeles County; 25 May 2018; T.M. Onuferko leg.; BOLD sample ID: CCDB-34570A07; PCYU • 1 ♀; Idaho, Hwy 20 (20 km E of Mountain Home), Elmore County; 43.2842° N, 115.4765° W; 27 May 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; BOLD sample ID: 07-ID-1195; PCYU PYU-1208 • 1 ♀; New Mexico, Cloudcroft, Otero County; 32.9574° N, 105.7447° W; 11 Aug. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; BOLD sample ID: 07-NM- 2108; PCYU PYU-3519 • 1 ♂; New Mexico, Hwy 152, Sierra County; 32.8949° N, 107.7399° W; 12 Aug. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; BOLD sample ID: 07-NM-2109; PCYU PYU-3530. Non-barcoded material CANADA • 1 ♀; Alberta, Bull Trail Park (Lethbridge); 49.6933° N, 112.8703° W; 9 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00156227 • 1 ♀; Alberta, Bull Trail Park (Lethbridge); 49.6964° N, 112.8714° W; 9 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00156145 • 6 ♀♀; Alberta, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Kneehill County; 51.9417° N, 112.9481° W; 20 Jul. 2016; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; Alberta, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Kneehill County; 51.9425° N, 112.9664° W; 20–21 Jul. 2016; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 2 ♂♂; Alberta, Gariepy (Edmonton); 53.4903° N, 113.6194° W; 3 Jun. 2018; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 16 Jun. 2018; RAM • 1 ♀; Alberta, Helen Schuler Nature Reserve (Lethbridge); 49.7008° N, 112.8603° W; 13 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00156567 • 1 ♀; Alberta, Lethbridge; 11 Aug. 1944; O. Peck leg.; CNC 891702 • 1 ♀; Alberta, Milk River (Weir Bridge), Warner County; 49.1042° N, 111.7000° W; 24 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00157991 • 2 ♀♀; Alberta, Near Capilano Foot Bridge (Edmonton); 53.5642° N, 113.4192° W; 17 Jun. 2018; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♂; Alberta, Redcliff; 50.0539° N, 110.7758° W; 28 Jun. 2017; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 29 Jun. 2017; RAM • 1 ♂; Alberta, Scandia; 21 Jul. 1928; F.W. Barnes leg.; CNC 891692 • 1 ♀; Alberta, Terwillegar Park (Edmonton); 53.4775° N, 113.6189° W; 15 Jul. 2018; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 7 ♂♂; Alberta, Wild Horse; 10 Aug. 1927; H.E. Gray leg.; CNC 891691, 891693 to 891696, 891704, 899632 • 2 ♀♀; Alberta, Writing-on- Stone Provincial Park (Coffin Bridge), Warner County; 49.1033° N, 111.8903° W; 15 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00156796, PMAE00156797 • 1 ♀; Alberta, Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park (Davis Coulee), Warner County; 49.0708° N, 111.6281° W; 22 Jul. 2020; M. Buck leg.; RAM PMAE00157617 • 2 ♀♀; Manitoba, Treesbank, Municipality of Glenboro-South Cypress; 49.6350° N, 99.6040° W; 1 Jul. 2018; Manitoba Conservation Data Centre leg.; WRME JBWM0415546, JBWM0415590. MEXICO • 1 ♂; Baja California Sur, San Hilario; 5 Nov. 1968; E.L. Sleeper and F.J. Moore leg.; CAS • 1 ♂; Baja California Sur, Santa Victoria La Laguna; 20 or 23 Oct. 1968; E.L. Sleeper and F.J. Moore leg.; CAS • 2 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂; Baja California Sur, Sierra La Laguna; 1 Sep. 1977; R. Westcott leg.; CAS • 1 ♀; Distrito Federal, Xochimilco; 18 Aug. 1962; H.E. Milliron; CNC 394149 • 1 ♀; Sinaloa, Mazatlán; Feb. ??53; CAS • 1 ♂; Sonora, Gran Desierto de Altar; 20 Mar. 2018; H. Knight leg.; CSUC. USA • 1 ♂; Arizona, 4 mi E of Willcox, Cochise County; 27 Aug. 2007; G. Rowe leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Arizona, East Moonlight Road, Cochise County; 32.2388° N, 109.7651° W; 14 Aug. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; PCYU PYU-5972 • 1 ♀; Arizona, Rustler Park (Chiricahua Mountains), Cochise County; 31.9039° N, 109.2792° W; 11 Aug. 2007; M. Buck leg.; DEBU debu00291918 • 2 ♀♀; California, 13 mi W of Coalinga; 30 Jul. ??59; CNC 891731, 891732 • 1 ♀; California, 3 mi N of Coalinga; 29 Jul. 1954; F.M. Hull leg.; CNC 891744 • 5 ♀♀; California, 28 km NE of Foresthill (Tahoe National Forest), Placer County; 39.1856° N, 120.6058° W; 8 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; California, 30 km NE of Foresthill (Tahoe National Forest), Placer County; 39.1894° N, 120.5756° W; 8 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; California, Antioch; Oct. 1938; J.A. Downes leg.; CNC 846577 • 2 ♂♂; California, CA-20 1.7 km W of Jct CA-16, Colusa County; 39.0133° N, 122.3792° W; 9 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♂; California, Cache Creek Natural Area, Cowboy Camp; 38.9978° N, 122.3558° W; 9 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; California, Helendale, San Bernardino County; 16 May 1955; W.R. Richards leg.; CNC 891690 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 21 May 1955; W.R.M. Mason leg.; CNC 891736 • 1 ♀; California, Mill Creek, San Bernardino Mountains; 31 Aug. 1930; C.D. Michener leg.; CNC 891705 • 1 ♀; California, Mojave; 15 Oct. ??25; R. Hopping leg.; CNC 891703 • 3 ♀♀; California, Mojave Desert; 15 Oct. 1925; J.M. Swaine leg.; CNC 891697, 891700 to 891701 • 1 ♀; California, Peavine Ridge Road, El Dorado County; 38.7964° N, 120.4297° W; 14 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♂; California, Sierra Nevada; ANSP • 1 ♂; California, Split Mountain (Anza-Borrego Desert State Park), San Diego County; 1 Apr. 1955; J.E.H. Martin leg.; CNC 891713 • 1 ♂; California, UCR Botanic Gardens (Riverside), Riverside County; 26 Jun. 1984; S.L. Heydon leg.; INHS 387473 • 1 ♀; Idaho, Hwy 75 (5 km N of Ketchum), Blaine County; 43.7630° N, 114.4003° W; 25 Jun. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; PCYU PYU-1515 • 2 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂; Nevada; ANSP • 1 ♂; Nevada, Pyramid Lake (south shore), Washoe County; 39.8444° N, 119.4400° W; 13 Jun. 2009; M. Buck leg.; RAM • 1 ♀; New Mexico, Hwy 152, Sierra County; 32.8949° N, 107.7399° W; 12 Aug. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; PCYU PYU-2391 • 1 ♂; New Mexico, Hwy 152, Sierra County; 32.8949° N, 107.7399° W; 12 Aug. 2007; J. Gibbs and C.S. Sheffield leg.; PCYU PYU-2392 • 1 ♀; Oregon, Fish Lake (near Steens Mountain), Harney County; 42.7419° N

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