Hippasteria spinosa Verrill 1909
Bibliographic record
Abstract
HIPPASTERIA SPINOSA VERRILL, 1909 Verrill, 1909: 63; Fisher, 1911: 224; HL Clark, 1913: 194; Goto, 1914: 349; Verrill, 1914: 301; Djakonov, 1950: 53 (1968: 45); Baranova, 1957: 162; Alton, 1966: 1702; Carey, 1972: 38, 39; Lambert, 1978a: 4, 14; Maluf, 1988: 34, 118; Clark, 1993: 259; Lambert, 2000: 64. Occurrence: Southern California, British Columbia, to Bering Sea. Okhotsk Sea off Cape Elizavety, and near the Kurile Islands. 49–1170 m. Comments: This species forms an extensive species complex throughout the Aleutian and North Pacific sub-Arctic region similar in several ways to Leptasterias and other wide ranging high-latitude species. This extensive variation is likely to encompass all of the species described by Djakonov (1950 translated in Dyakonov, 1968) from the Okhotsk Sea and adjoining regions, including H. mammifera, H. pedicellaris, H. colossa, and H. kurilensis. These are mentioned here for future discussion but type specimens have not been examined. Material examined: USNM 32470, west of San Nicolas Island, 33°13′N, 120°4′W, 825 m, coll. USFC Albatross, 26.iv.1911. (1 dry spec. R = 0.9, r = 0.4). USNM 33352 south-west of Cape Flattery, Washington. 48°17′N 124°52′W, 70 m. Coll. USFC Albatross 24.ix.1888 (1 dry spec. R = 8.2, r = 4.3); USNM 39833 Heceta Bank, Oregon, 43°58′N, 124°36′W, 170 m. Coll. USFC Albatross 1.ix.1889. (1 dry spec. R = 9.2, r = 4.7). USNM 47600 Umnak Island, Islands of Four Mountains, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. 53°3′N, 169°57′W, 146 m. Coll. R/V Harvester 11.viii.1980. (1 dry spec. R = 7.1, r = 3.5); USNM E10504. South-west of mouth of Columbia River, Oregon. 46°8′N 124°30′W, 137 m. Coll. R/V Cobb 14.i.1964. (1 dry spec. R = 12.8, r = 7.1).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".