The Devil Lake pothole (Ontario): Evidence of subglacial fluvial processes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A pothole 1.93 m deep and 1.3 m maximum diameter is located near the crest of a ridge that forms one arm of an eroded anticline in para-gneiss of the Precambrian Shield in southeastern Ontario. It's position on high ground in a region of more than 100 m relief on the bed rock precludes its formation by modern subaerial stream flow or by streams that could have come from the retreating late Pleistocene glacier. The regional bedrock topography determined from topographic maps and a subbottom acoustic survey of nearby lakes exhibits a pattern of large-scale subglacial fluvial erosion reported for other sites in the region. The pothole formed in subglacial flow where discharge was concentrated along the limb of the anticline. As flow streamed around a small rock knob, a vortex was established at a fracture in the rock surface and initiated the erosion of the pothole. This configuration insured that subsequent flows were similarly focused. The occurrence of this pothole is further evidence of the importance of subglacial water as an agent of erosion and the shaping of landscape beneath the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".