Genetic population structure of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) that summer in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To determine the sex composition of gray whales that summer in Clayoquot Sound (CS), British Columbia and to assess whether these animals represent a genetically distinct subgroup of the eastern North Pacific (ENP) population, I collected skin samples from 18 individuals in CS ("residents"). Fourteen samples obtained from other areas served as random representatives of the overall population in the ENP ("non-residents"). Sex was determined for each sample; the nucleotide sequence of a 311 base-pair segment at the 5$\sp\prime$ end of the mtDNA control region was determined by automated sequencing. The sex ratio among residents was 2.6 to 1 nominally biased towards males, but was not significantly different from parity (p = 0.06). Residents were not significantly different from non-residents (Kst = $-$0.02, p = 0.79). Neighbor-joining analysis revealed three clades that did not correspond to any obvious geographic pattern. These data indicate the ENP population is genetically homogeneous.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".