Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a shrubby perennia l c r o p i n t h e F a m i l y o f Euphorbiaceae.It is also named others, depending upon geographic regions such as yucca in Central America, mandioca or manioca in Brazil, tapioca in India and Malaysia and cassada or cassava in Africa and Southeast Asia.Cassava is mostly cultivated in tropics of Africa, Latin America and Asia, located in the equatorial belt, between 30 north and 30 south.The crop produces edible starch-reserving roots which have long been employed as an important staple food for millions of mankind as well as animal feed.Due to the fact of ease of plantation and low input requirement, cassava is mostly cultivated in marginal land by poor farmers and is sometimes named as the crop of the poor.In these planting areas, cassava plays an essential role not only as food security, but also income generation.In addition to a primary use for direct consumption and animal feed, starch-rich roots are good raw materials for industrial production of commercial tapioca starch, having excellent characteristics of high whiteness, odorless and tasteless and when cooked, yielding high paste viscosity, clarity and stability.The distinct attributes of extracted cassava starch, either as native or modified form, are very attractive for a broad range of food and non-food application including paper, textile, pharmaceutical, building materials and adhesives.Furthermore, cassava starch is extensively utilized for a production of sweeteners and derivatives including glucose syrup, fructose syrup, sugar alcohols (e.g.sorbitol, mannitol), and organic acids (e.g.lactic acid, citric acid).The application of cassava as renewable feedstock is now expanded to biorefinery, i.e. a facility that integrates processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, chemicals and materials from biomass (Fernando et al., 2006).With this regard, cassava is signified as a very important commercial crop that can have the value chain from low-valued farm produces to high-valued, commercialized products. Cassava agronomy and plantationCassava is well recognized for its excellent tolerance to drought and capability to grow in impoverished soils.The plant can grow in all soil types even in infertile soil or acid soil (pH www.intechopen.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".