Normative data for the oral version of the symbol digit modalities test in the French-Quebec population aged 50 years and over
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: The oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT-O) is a prominent measure of information processing speed that can help overcome motor difficulties associated with some conditions. According to previous studies, performance on this test is influenced by various factors such as age, biological sex, educational level, and cultural background. Objective: This study aimed to establish normative data for the SDMT-O in middle-aged and older French-Quebec people. Method: The normative sample comprised 239 healthy individuals aged 50 to 90 years old, exclusively from Quebec, Canada. Statistical analyses examined the associations between age, biological sex, educational level, and the number of correct responses on the SDMT-O. Results: SDMT-O performance was significantly associated with age and educational level, but not with sex. Normative data are presented using regression equations. Conclusions: These norms will be pivotal for evaluating and identifying information processing speed impairments in the middle-aged and older French-Quebec examinees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".