Bibliographic record
Abstract
A charge-coupled CMOS time delay and integration (TDI) imager is presented. CCD pixel arrays of varying sizes and configurations were monolithically integrated with CMOS peripheral circuits using a conventional 0.18 μm CMOS technology with custom CCD process modules. A 5 μm pixel variant with 256 TDI stages demonstrated a charge transfer efficiency (CTE) > 0.99999 per transfer and a full well capacity (FWC) > 30,000 electrons at a maximum TDI scan rate of 270 kHz. It also exhibited a non-linearity < 2%, a dark current density at 25°C of 3.7 nA/cm2 and a peak responsivity of 14,000 (DN12b)/(nJ/cm2) at 670 nm with capabilities of stage selection, bi-directional scanning and anti-blooming (AB) protection. The developed imager shows strong potentials to replace the traditional CCD-TDI imager in demanding applications including machine vision and remote sensing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".