A Revision of Paleotropical Plukenetia (Euphorbiaceae) Including Two New Species from Madagascar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A revision of the seven paleotropical species of Plukenetia (Euphorbiaceae) is given. Three sections or species groups are recognized. Two genera, Tetracarpidium (synonym Angostylidium) and Pterococcus, are treated here as sections of Plukenetia. The monotypic P. sect. Angostylidium includes the African species P. conophora, while P. sect. Hedraiostylus (synonym P. sect. Pterococcus) comprises two African species (P. africana and P. procumbens) and one Asian species (P. corniculata). A third species group restricted to Madagascar is distinguished by an androecium of sessile anthers on an elongate receptacle, and comprises three species, two described here. Plukenetia decidua, from southeastern Madagascar, is close to P. madagascariensis and shares styles partly fused into a cylindrical column, but differs in its narrower ovate or triangular-ovate leaf blades, smaller eglandular bracts, racemes with flowers single per node, and fewer anthers on a shorter ellipsoid receptacle. Plukenetia ankaranensis from northern Madagasar is distinguished from the previous two species by its styles entirely fused into an enlarged obovate stylar column. A key to the seven paleotropical species is provided and their relationship to neotropical species is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".