Effect of emersion on soft-shell clam,
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria) are both aquaculture species in east coast of Canada and US shellfish farmers take advantage of the byssal threads production of mussels for suspension culture and the burrowing behaviour of soft-shell clams for enhancement practices. It is important that these animals attach and burrow efficiently to minimize losses during rearing. The aim of this work was to study two potential vitality indices on mussels (23.6 ± 0.1 mm) and clams (22.6 ± 0.1 mm) seeds following various periods of emersion: attachment strength of Mytilus edulis and burrowing ability of Mya arenaria. The effect of emersion on energy content (proteins, lipids, glycogen) was also examined. We observed no significant decrease in the attachment strength of mussels after air exposure for 78 h or in the burrowing efficiency of soft-shell clams after 54 h. Air exposure had no effect on different lipid classes, proteins, or glycogen content in either mussel or clam tissues. The stressful emersion event induced in our study may not have been high enough to induce detectable behavioural responses. This can be explained by the bivalves’ ability to adapt their metabolism to minimize activity during air exposure. In doing so, they do not consume their energy reserves, which are then still available when specimens are reimmersed. Thus mussels are able to efficiently produce byssal threads and clams to burrow into sediments as soon as they are back in the water.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".