Spatial distribution of the alder bark beetle in red alder stands shows clustering of attacked trees
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bark beetles utilize aggregation pheromone systems to communicate and mass attack host trees leading to death of the tree. The alder bark beetle, Alniphagus aspericollis (LeConte), attacks red alder, Alnus rubra Bong., one of the most important and abundant hardwood species in British Columbia. I assessed the spatial distribution of alder bark beetle attacked trees within five sites in the Lower Mainland and Southern Vancouver Island of British Columbia. I predicted that the alder bark beetle attacks should display spatial clustering in a manner indicative of an aggregation pheromone similar to what is known of conifer bark beetle systems. Using Ripley’s K function to analyze 1-hectare stands, I found that alder bark beetle attacked trees displayed clustering at four of the five sites studied. This is supportive of the hypothesis that the alder bark beetle utilizes an aggregation pheromone to mass attack trees. This can help guide future research and management of the within coastal red alder stands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".