Bibliographic record
Abstract
A dataset containing 18223 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Occurrence evidence, Machine Observation, Human Observation)", "Country is Canada", "DatasetKey is one of (iNaturalist Research-grade Observations, eButterfly Surveys, Pl@ntNet automatically identified occurrences, Observation.org, Nature data from around the World)", "GadmGid is CAN.2_1", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is one of (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836, Aechmophorus occidentalis (Lawrence, 1858), Ammannia robusta Heer ex Regel, Ammannia robusta Heer, Ammodramus savannarum (J.F.Gmelin, 1789), Athene cunicularia (Molina, 1782), Bombus bohemicus Seidl, 1838, Chrysemys picta bellii (Gray, 1831), Chrysemys picta (Schneider, 1783), Cicindela decemnotata Say, 1817, Cicindela parowana Wickham, 1905, Coccinella novemnotata Herbst, 1793, Coenonympha california Westwood, Collomia tenella A.Gray, Coturnicops noveboracensis (Gmelin, 1789), Cyperus subsquarrosus (Muhl.) Bauters, Dryobates albolarvatus (Cassin, 1850), Efferia okanagana Cannings, 2012, Euonymus occidentalis var. occidentalis, Gentiana affinis Griseb., Hemileuca nuttalli nuttalli, Lepus americanus washingtonii Baird, 1855, Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782), Meconella oregana Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray, Oreoscoptes montanus (J.K.Townsend, 1837), Phacelia ramosissima var. ramosissima, Pooecetes gramineus affinis G.S.Miller, 1888, Psilocarphus brevissimus var. brevissimus, Rana pretiosa Baird & Girard, 1853, Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes, 1842), Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne, Satyrium behrii (W.H.Edwards, 1870), Satyrium semiluna Klots, 1930, Scapanus townsendii (Bachman, 1839), Sorex merriami Dobson, 1890, Spiranthes diluvialis Sheviak, Taraxia breviflora (Torr. & A.Gray) Nutt. ex Small, Triteleia howellii (S.Watson) Greene, Viola howellii A.Gray, Viola praemorsa Douglas, Zeltnera exaltata (Griseb.) G.Mans., Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758), Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult., Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) G.C.Tucker, Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831), Neoholmgrenia andina (Nutt.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch, Lupinus rivularis Douglas ex Lindl., Omus audouini Reiche, 1838, Allogona townsendiana (I.Lea, 1838), Ambystoma mavortium Baird, 1850, Ammospiza nelsoni (J.A.Allen, 1875), Antennaria flagellaris A.Gray, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte, 1856), Aphyllon ludovicianum (Nutt.) A.Gray, Astragalus sclerocarpus A.Gray, Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein, 1812), Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torr.) Soják, Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum (F.J.Herm. & E.Lawton) R.H.Zander, Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte, 1838, Callophrys affinis (Edwards, 1862), Callophrys mossii mossii, Carterocephalus mandan, Castilleja minor var. exilis (A.Nelson) J.M.Egger, Cercyonis pegala incana (W.H.Edwards, 1880), Cercyonis pegala nephele (W.Kirby, 1837), Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, 1758, Crassula connata (Ruiz & Pav.) A.Berger, Crotalus oreganus Holbrook, 1840, Dicamptodon tenebrosus (Baird & Girard, 1852), Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), Entosphenus macrostomus (Beamish, 1982), Entosthodon fascicularis (Hedw.) Müll.Hal., Entosthodon rubiginosus (R.S.Williams) Grout, Erynnis propertius (Scudder & Burgess, 1870), Euphyes vestris (Boisduval, 1852), Eurybia radulina (A.Gray) G.L.Nesom, Gnaphosa snohomish Platnick & Shadab, 1975, Gonidea angulata (I.Lea, 1838), Hesperia assiniboia (Lyman, 1892), Hesperia colorado oregonia (W.H.Edwards, 1883), Hypsiglena chlorophaea Cope, 1860, Icteria virens (Linnaeus, 1758), Limnanthes macounii Trel., Lomatium dissectum (Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray) Mathias & Constance, Megascops kennicottii kennicottii, Melanerpes lewis (G.R.Gray, 1849), Microbryum vlassovii (Laz.) R.H.Zander, Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897), Myotis thysanodes Miller, 1897, Oeneis alberta Elwes, 1893, Oeneis uhleri (Reakirt, 1866), Oenothera pallida subsp. pallida, Oreocarya glomerata (Pursh) Greene, Orthocarpus barbatus J.S.Cotton, Papilio machaon pikei Sperling, 1987, Phacelia heterophylla var. virgata (Greene) Dorn, Phlox speciosa var. occidentalis (Durand ex Torr.) M.Peck, Potentilla gracilis var. gracilis, Prophysaon coeruleum Cockerell, 1890, Psilocarphus elatior A.Gray, Ranunculus californicus Benth., Ranunculus cardiophyllus Hook., Ranunculus rhomboideus Goldie, Recurvirostra americana J.F.Gmelin, 1789, Rhinichthys umatilla (Gilbert & Evermann, 1894), Sanicula bipinnatifida Douglas ex Hooker, Satyrium titus titus, Selaginella rupestris Sim, Sorex bendirii (Merriam, 1884), Speyeria mormonia erinna (Edwards, 1882), Spizella breweri breweri, Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr., Symphyotrichum frondosum (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom, Taxidea taxus (Schreber, 1777), Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus (Ord, 1815), Thomomys talpoides segregatus Johnstone, 1955, Bombus occidentalis Greene, 1858, Coluber constrictor paludicola Auffenberg & Babitt, 1955, Falco peregrinus anatum Bonaparte, 1838, Falco mexicanus Schlegel, 1850, Polites sabuleti (Boisduval, 1852), Riparia riparia (Linnaeus, 1758), Schoenoplectiella saximontana (Fernald) Lye, Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769), Aeronautes saxatalis (Woodhouse, 1853), Allium amplectens Torr., Anguispira kochi (L.Pfeiffer, 1846), Archilestes californicus McLachlan, 1895, Ardea herodias fannini Chapman, 1901, Ardea herodias herodias, Argia vivida Hagen, 1865, Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan, 1763), Azolla mexicana Schlecht. & Cham. ex K.Presl, Berula incisa (Torr.) G.N.Jones, Bidens amplissima Greene, Bombus terricola Kirby, 1837, Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett, 1813), Butorides virescens (Linnaeus, 1758), Calochortus lyallii Baker, Cardellina canadensis (Linnaeus, 1766), Carex tumulicola Mack., Carex xerantica L.H.Bailey, Catostomus bondi Smith, Stewart & Carpenter, 2013, Chondestes grammacus (Say, 1822), Cicindela pugetana Casey, 1914, Cirsium scariosum var. scariosum, Coenonympha tullia benjamini McDunnough, 1928, Corynorhinus townsendii (Cooper, 1837), Cottus confusus Bailey & Bond, 1963, Cottus hubbsi Bailey & Dimick, 1949, Dryopteris arguta (Kaulf.) Maxon, Erigeron poliospermus var. poliospermus, Eriocoma thurberiana (Piper) Romasch., Euderma maculatum (J.A.Allen, 1891), Hesperia nevada (Scudder, 1874), Lindernia dubia var. dubia, Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei Brewster, 1891, Myotis ciliolabrum (Merriam, 1886), Oenothera suffrutescens (Ser.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch, Oporornis agilis (A.Wilson, 1812), Penstemon gracilis Nutt., Perognathus parvus (Peale, 1848), Pituophis catenifer deserticola Stejneger, 1893, Plestiodon skiltonianus Baird & Girard, 1852, Polites sonora (Scudder, 1872), Psiloscops flammeolus (Kaup, 1852), Pterygoneurum kozlovii Laz., Rana aurora Baird & Girard, 1852, Reithrodontomys megalotis (Baird, 1857), Rhinichthys osculus (Girard, 1856), Sandbergia whitedii (Piper) Greene, Satyrium californica (W.H.Edwards, 1862), Sericocarpus rigidus Lindl., Setophaga virens (J.F.Gmelin, 1789), Sorex trowbridgii Baird, 1857, Spea intermontana (Cope, 1883), Speyeria aphrodite manitoba (F.Chermock & R.Chermock, 1940), Speyeria cybele pseudocarpenteri (Chermock, 1940), Stylurus olivaceus (Selys, 1873), Sylvilagus nuttallii (Bachman, 1837), Vertigo rowellii (Newcomb, 1860), Aplodontia rufa (Rafinesque, 1817), Numenius americanus Bechstein, 1812, Syntrichia laevipila Brid., Buteo regalis (G.R.Gray, 1844), Charina bottae (Blainville, 1835), Chordeiles minor (J.R.Forster, 1771), Coccinella transversoguttata Faldermann, 1835, Coccothraustes vespertinus (W.Cooper, 1825), Contopus cooperi (Nuttall, 1831), Cypseloides niger (J.F.Gmelin, 1789), Euphagus carolinus (Statius Muller, 1776), Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758, Patagioenas fasciata (Say, 1822), Perognathus parvus parvus, Perognathus parvus lordi (Gray, 1868), Perognathus parvus laingi Anderson, 1932, Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Podiceps auritus (Linnaeus, 1758), Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Cassin, 1852), Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758, Eremophila alpestris strigata (Henshaw, 1884), Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin, 1789, Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf., Aneides vagrans Wake & Jackman, 1999)", "Year 2000-2024" ] } The dataset includes 18223 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0033313-240626123714530/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.259 | 0.393 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".