STABLE ISOTOPES PROVIDE EVIDENCE FOR POOR NORTHERN PINTAIL PRODUCTION ON THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Concerns have been raised regarding declines in western North American northern pintail (Anas acuta L.) populations over the past 30 years. Elucidating the natal origins of pintails and identifying production areas of pintails are important steps in determining the cause of the observed declines. Here, we used stable isotope (sulphur, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen) featherprints to determine the geographic origins of northern pintail ducks shot by hunters in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. Based on the best data available for inferring the distribution of breeding pintails, the proportion of hatch-year pintails originating from Prairie regions was smaller than expected. Our results suggest that production of northern pintails on the Canadian Prairies may be significantly lower than predicted by the number of breeding birds and may be related to human-induced reductions in nest success as a result of agricultural practices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".