Soil Metal Distribution in Parks and Playgrounds in Select Municipalities in Metro Vancouver
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the soil metal profile in parks and playgrounds in select municipalities in Metro Vancouver that have been rapidly developing during the past few years. Sixty-eight soil samples were analyzed for metals including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sn, U, V, and Zn by X-Ray Florescence and assessed against the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) soil quality guidelines (SQG) for residential/parkland use. In vitro bioaccessibility analyses were also conducted to determine the human health risk associated with ingestion of metals present in the soil samples. Metal concentrations and the bioaccessibility results suggested that the human health risk associated with accidental ingestion of contaminated soils at parks and playgrounds where samples were collected was minimal. For Ba, which exceeded the CCME SQG, with moderate bioaccessibility, may suggest a potential risk to human health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".