Food deprivation, physiological impacts, and associated transcriptional responses in juvenile Chinook salmon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Risk assessments have identified prey limitation as one of the strongest risk factors for juvenile salmon migration survival under climate change. In British Columbia, Canada, juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) may experience prolonged periods of food deprivation during their marine entry and first marine winter. In this study we conducted a lab-based food deprivation and refeeding experiment to assess the physiological consequences of starvation and identify transcriptional responses to develop mRNA-based biomarkers for food limitation in the gill of juvenile Chinook salmon. Throughout the experiment, fish were held at both summer (16oC; marine entry) and winter (8oC; overwintering) temperatures and were sampled at least every 2 weeks collecting physiological data (condition factor, hepatosomatic index, morphometrics) as well as liver and gill tissue for RNA-sequencing. As expected, both food-deprivation treatments demonstrated significant differences from their fed counterparts with decreases in condition factor and hepatosomatic index with 14 to 28 days, respectively. The 16oC acclimation treatment was the first to reach a starvation endpoint (10% mortality) by 35 days, with the 8oC treatment persisting until 56 days (20% reduced condition factor). During refeeding, condition factor returned rapidly in both acclimation treatments, 9-12 days post feed introduction. Further, hepatosomatic index recovered within 3 days and increased up to 2.5-fold when compared to unfasted counterparts by days 12-21 of the refeeding process. Conserved transcriptional responses between 8oC and 16oC treatments will be discussed in the context ofpathways modified by starvation, and candidate biomarkers for nonlethal screening in wild juvenile Chinook salmon.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".