Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present work employs the proposed formulations of the solids stresses by Savage (2011) to examine the deposition of dry granular materials. The aim is to examine the performance of the expressions of the solids stresses, and to provide insights into the behavior of the problem of deposition of tailings. The simulations are also intended to examine the role of boundary conditions, and to provide means for testing the accuracy and efficiency of numerical solution approaches. The simulations consider single-phase solids flow. They provide a basis for future extension to simulating two-phase solidsliquid deposition. The results show that a stable heap can be formed by using the stress formulation of Savage (2011) together with both no-slip and Coulomb friction boundary conditions at the base of the heap. The results determine the influence of the angle of internal friction and the friction coefficient at the base on the resulting shape of the heap. Distributions of the solids volume fraction and pressures within the heap are presented. The present results form a basis for subsequent development of two-phase, solids-liquid simulations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".