Sclerocoelus cubus Kuwahara, Marshall & Paiero, 2025, sp. nov.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sclerocoelus cubus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E907D635-A5B2-42BD-9B40-5A9B6BBB836A Figs 6B, 40–41 Etymology This name (from the Latin ‘ cubus ’, meaning ‘cube’) refers to the very distinctive cube-shaped male epandrium. Material examined Holotype ECUADOR • ♂; Pichincha, Cotopaxi National Park, Quebrada Mishahuaycu; 3600 m a.s.l.; 26 Oct.–8 Nov. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; along stream, pan traps; QCAZ debu00139226. Paratypes ECUADOR – Carchi • 1 ♂; Bosque El Arrayán, 6 km E of San Gabriel; 2830 m a.s.l.; 1 Nov. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; sweeping; DEBU • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 2–4 Nov. 1999; forest, dung traps; QCAZ • 1 ♂; Páramo El Angel, 14.1 km NW of El Angel; 3450 m a.s.l.; 1 Nov. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; under Polylepis litter; QCAZ. – Pichincha • 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; DEBU • 1 ♂; Lago Limpiopungo; 3800 m a.s.l.; 25 Oct. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; lake edge, pans near cow dung; DEBU • 3 ♂♂; Valley near Hostería San Jorge, 10 km NW of Quito; 3000 m a.s.l.; 23 Oct. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; pans in grass pile; QCAZ. PERU – Cusco • 1 ♂; 6.6 km S of Paucartambo; 13°22′49″ S, 71°36′17″ W; 3400 m a.s.l.; 13–16 May 2007; Marshall, Kits and Paiero leg.; along creek, yellow pans; MUSM. Description BODY (Fig. 40A). Length 2.6–3.4 mm. Head dark brown, ventrolateral corners of frons reddish. Frontal width 2.2–2.3× frontal height. Three pairs of strong interfrontal bristles surmounting a very fine fourth pair; anterior orbital 0.5–0.6 × length of posterior. Palpus yellow. Eye large, greatest height about 3.5× shortest genal height. Thorax dark brown, scutum with slightly paler lateral edges. Two pairs of dorsocentral bristles (anterior pair distinct, 0.5 × length of posterior pair) separated by 7–8 rows of acrostichal setulae. Membrane around prosternum bare. Legs brown, hind tibia darker. Fore femur with five large ventral preapical setae. Dorsal surface of mid tibia with an offset pair of setae at about ⅓, a large anterior seta at about ½, and a pair of large setae at about 4/5. Ventral surface of male mid tibia with two rows of stout setae along apical half. Wing (Fig. 6B) slightly infuscate. CS2 0.8–0.9× CS3. Halter brown. MALE ABDOMEN (Figs 40B–C, 41). Dark brown, posterior edges of tergites sometimes slightly desclerotized. T2–5 and S2–4 uniformly long-setose with large posterolateral setae. S5 large, deeply emarginate anteromedially, laterally long-setose, huge flattened posteromedial area filled with blunt, peg-like setae and some scattered longer setae, anteromedial-most peg seta in an eye-like depression. Anterior flange of S6+7 large, triangular, 1.2× as long as wide. Sclerite A pale, rounded, fused to S6+7; sclerite B dark, elongate, arched inwards and basally fused to sclerite A; sclerite C apparently absent; sclerite D dark, triangular, projecting dorsally; sclerites E and F fused, very large, dark, sheet-like; sclerite G reduced; ring sclerite small but well sclerotized. S8 large, flattened dorsally. Epandrium small, boxy (dorsal, lateral, and posterior surfaces almost at right angles to each other), 0.5× length of S8, height 1.7× maximum length and 0.7× maximum width, long-setose; anal fissure very large, circular; perianal pads weakly developed. Pseudocercus absent; halves of subepandrial sclerite arched, medially fused. Subcercus large, wedge-shaped, triangular in posterior view, sinuate rectangular in lateral view, apex deeply bifid (similar in appearance to a very high-heeled shoe/boot), outer-posterior lobe expanded with three inner setae, inner-anterior lobe tapered and curved with some sensory setulae. Hypandrium with slightly sinuate anteromedial apodeme. Surstylus C-shaped, anterior lobe smaller, angled inwards with several inner setulae, posterior lobe much larger and curved outwards. Postgonite elongate, gently tapered, basal third with a short, triangular, anterior lobe, apical third slightly bent forward. Phallapodeme very large, dark, curved; basiphallus large, stout basally and constricted apically with a small, nodelike anterodorsal ejaculatory apodeme; distiphallus strongly sinuate, largely membranous with a pair of strong, sinuate ventrolateral sclerites, anterior surface of membrane densely spiculose. FEMALE ABDOMEN. Female unknown. Distribution Neotropical: Ecuador, Peru. Remarks Sclerocoelus cubus sp. nov. is superficially similar to S. frigidifrons sp. nov., from which it can be separated by the slightly smaller size (2.6–3.4 mm), larger eye (~3.5 × genal height), and very characteristic male genitalia. Like other basal species of the genus, Sclerocoelus cubus is a high Andean species associated with wet, green litter, generally above 3000 m a.s.l.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".