Sclerocoelus tridens Kuwahara, Marshall & Paiero, 2025, sp. nov.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sclerocoelus tridens sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 298959FA-DEC2-4C86-A506-695F84F8AC63 Figs 9F, 139–141 Etymology This name refers to the additional ventromedial strip of slightly thickened setulae on the female hypoproct, giving a trident-shaped pattern of setulae (from the Latin ‘ tridens ’, meaning ‘three-tined, having three prongs or teeth’). Material examined Holotype ECUADOR • ♂; Napo, Quito–Baeza Road; 4000 m a.s.l.; 10–18 Feb. 1983; L. Masner leg.; elfin forest, pan traps; QCAZ. Paratypes BOLIVIA – Cochabamba • 1 ♂; South Corani, Yungas El Chapare; 2900 m a.s.l.; 29–31 Jan. 1976; L.E. Peña leg.; CBFC. ECUADOR – Napo • 1 ♀; Quito-Baeza Pass; 4000 m a.s.l.; 1 Mar. 1979; S.A. Marshall leg.; elfin forest, dung trap; QCAZ. – Pichincha • 1 ♂; 12 km NW of Papallacta west slope; 3840 m a.s.l.; 11–12 Oct. 1987; C. Young, R. Davidson and J. Rawlins leg.; subpáramo mixed grass/woodland; CMNH • 1 ♂; 46 km E of Quito; 4000 m a.s.l.; 2–6 Mar. 1976; S. Peck leg.; elfin forest, dung; DEBU • 1 ♂; Bellavista Reserve; 0°00′54″ S, 78°40′56″ W; 2200 m a.s.l.; 1 May 2011; S.A. Marshall leg.; treefall; QCAZ • 1 ♂; Cotopaxi National Park, Lago Limpiopungo; 3800 m a.s.l.; 25 Oct. 1999; R. Anderson leg.; paramo, shrub litter; DEBU • 1 ♀; Cotopaxi National Park, Quebrada Mishahuaycu; 3600 m a.s.l.; 26. Oct.–8 Nov. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; pans along stream; DEBU. Description BODY (Fig. 139A). Length 3.2–4.4 mm. Head dark brown, lower frons, face, and antennae orange; anterior third of gena orange. Frontal width 2.2–2.3× frontal height. Three pairs of strong interfrontal bristles surmounting a very fine fourth pair; anterior orbital 0.4–0.5 × length of posterior. Palpus yellow. Eye large, greatest height about 4.0 × shortest genal height. Thorax dark brown, scutum with paler lateral edges. Two pairs of dorsocentral bristles (anterior pair distinct, 0.5× length of posterior pair) separated by 7–8 rows of acrostichal setulae. Membrane around prosternum bare. Legs brown, hind tibia darker. Fore coxa with row of stout setae along inner surface; fore femur with three large ventral preapical setae. Ventral surface of male mid tibia with two rows of stout setae in apical two-thirds. Wing (Fig. 9F) hyaline. CS2 subequal to CS3. Halter pale brown with white apex. MALE ABDOMEN (Figs 139B–C, 140). Dark brown, posterior edges of tergites sometimes slightly desclerotized. T2–5 and S2–4 uniformly long-setose with large posterolateral setae. S5 rectangular, 1.0× length of S4, laterally setose, posterior margin unpigmented with a row of long, tubercle-based setae and two rows of 4–5 short, stout, posteromedial setae. Anterior flange of S6+7 small, weakly developed. Sclerite A small, fused to S6+7; sclerite B long, dark, arched into genital pouch; sclerite C elongate with a small posteromedial lobe; sclerite D dark, subtriangular, and lying against posteromedial margin of S5; sclerite E absent; sclerites F and G fused into a large, inflated sclerite with dense setulae on left third; ring sclerite incorporated into posterior margin of sclerite F+G. Epandrium moderate, 0.5× length of S8, height 1.7× maximum length and 0.8× maximum width, uniformly setose; perianal pads weakly developed. Pseudocercus absent; halves of subepandrial sclerite thin, slightly curved, and fused medially. Subcercus simple, triangular, posteriorly setulose and ventrally extended as a curved, almost bare process. Hypandrium with thin anteromedial apodeme. Surstylus slightly elongate, distally setose, posterolaterally convex and setulose, anterolaterally bare and concave, inner surface flat and bare. Postgonite simple, elongate, and apically tapered. Phallapodeme long, apex dorsoventrally flattened; basiphallus stout and connected to distiphallus by a short, neck-like distal part; distiphallus largely membranous with a small dorsal sclerite and a pair of sinuate ventral sclerites. FEMALE ABDOMEN (Fig. 141). T7 broad, simple; T8 entire but dorsally desclerotized, appearing as two lateral sclerites, posteroventral corners rounded and expanded. Epiproct elongate, medially pale, appearing split, and entirely bare of setulae. Cercus elongate, apically pointed with large apical and dorsal setae. S7 rounded posteriorly, broadly desclerotized with six large posterior setae; S8 entirely membranous/absent. Hypoproct with a sclerotized ventromedial strip. Vagina with an internal, dark, crescent-shaped sclerite. Three spermathecae, bulb stout, spherical, finely striate with a broad, deep invagination on both ends. Distribution Neotropical: Bolivia, Ecuador. Remarks Sclerocoelus tridens sp. nov. can be reliably separated from all congeners by the anteroventral strip of the female hypoproct covered in slightly thickened setulae, transverse crescent-shaped vaginal sclerite, and thin, straight postgonite. Although Sclerocoelus tridens has clearly differentiated subcerci that are well separated from the epandrium, they are relatively simple and there is no trace of the pseudocercus characteristic of the S. galapagensis, S. regularis, and S. dasysternum groups. As is often the case for Sclerocoelu s species outside those derived species groups, S. tridens is a high Andean species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".