Abundance and vertical distributions of zooplankton along the east-west gradient of phytoplankton biomass in the North Water (Arctic Ocean)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Arctic Ocean copepods transfer energy produced by autotrophs to higher trophic levels. Net tows have long been used as the main zooplankton sampling tool but can hardly indicate the abundance and distribution of these animals on a fine-scale level. The LOKI (Lightframe On-sight Keyspecies Investigation) is an in-situ optical underwater imaging device capable of recording the vertical distribution of zooplankton at a scale of ~30-60 cm. Using this device, the fine-scale distribution of the key herbivorous copepods Calanus glacialis and C. hyperboreus as well as that of the omnivore Metridia longa was analyzed. It was investigated how the fine-scale vertical distribution of copepods was coupled to fluorescence of microalgae during the phytoplankton bloom and how that pattern differed between eastern and western North Water Polynya. Eastern and western NOW showed substantial differences in the fluorescence of microalgae which seemed to influence the fine-scale copepod distribution. Whereas copepod abundance and fluorescence seemed almost vertically separated on the Canadian side of the polynya, the abundance of the same taxa showed a strong vertical coupling with fluorescence on the Greenland side. The results suggest a strong influence of physical parameters in the NOW (e.g. temperature and upwelling), likely governed by the West Greenland Current and Baffin Island Current, on microalgae and hence fine-scale zooplankton distribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".