Bibliographic record
Abstract
29. Taraxacum eurylepium Dahlstedt in Ostenfeld (1910: 92, fig. 19) Type:— CANADA. Yukon Territory, Herschel Isl., 69°35’N, 138°50’W, 17 Jul 1906, A. H. LindstrØm (O, holotype, n.v., fide Haglund 1948: 304). Etymology:—From Greek eurys, broad, and lepis, scale. Plants small, 2–6 cm tall. Plant base without tunic, subglabrous; petiole winged or narrowly winged, light green or faintly pinkish. Leaves subprostrate to erect-patent, ± mid-green, glabrous, linear-oblanceolate in outline, ca. 2.5–6.0 × ca. 0.7–1.2 cm, ± undivided, most often with 1–3 pairs of ± patent, deltoid or triangular lobules or teeth, terminal leaf part often elongated, usually 1.0– 1.5 cm long, subacute; lateral lobules acute, to ca. 3 mm long, narrower leaf parts between lobules (“interlobes”) ca. 0.7–0.9 cm wide, leaf margin otherwise entire or rarely distal lobule margin with a minute basal tooth; mid-vein green or purplish. Scapes glabrescent, initially sparsely arachnoid, light (brownish) green, sometimes suffused purplish, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre dark (blackish) olivaceous-green, 7–9 mm wide and broadly rounded to subtruncate at base. Outer phyllaries 9–11, appressed, subimbricate, broadly ovate to ovate, ca. 5–7 (–8) × 3–4 mm, surface black-green (almost black when dry), distally ± suffused dark purple, almost unbordered or (mainly distally) with a sharply delimited pale border 0.1–0.3 mm wide, margin glabrous, apex with low cornicles; inner phyllaries few, ca. 7–9, broad, blackish-olivaceous, ca. 12–13 mm long. Outer ligules (distally) canaliculate, striped light greyish outside, ligule teeth blackish. Stigmas light discoloured (grey yellow). Pollen absent. Achenes (after Haglund 1948: 304) light greyish olivaceous-brown, ca. 4.8–5.0 × 1.1 mm, body densely covered with short spinules, otherwise tuberculate or rugulose, subgradually narrowing into a subconical cone ca. 0.7 mm long; beak ca. 6 mm, pappus ± white, ca. 6 mm long. – Agamospermous. – Fig. 48. Note:—The famous Gjöa expedition (captain R. Amundsen, 1903–1906) had to spend almost two years in an harbour on King William Island, and then more than half a year on Herschel Island. In both regions, plants were collected by Adolf Henrik Lindstrøm, a cook of the expedition, and botanical results were published by C. Ostenfeld (1910). Two dandelions were described on the basis of these collection, T. hyperboreum Dahlstedt in Ostenfeld (1910: 26) and T. eurylepium. While the former name has a rich original material, the type of T. eurylepium is currently missing. We therefore had to interpret the name T. eurylepium according to the protologue (including a photograph of the type plant) and to the new material collected on Herschel Island. Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum eurylepium obviously occupies a position intermediate between T. sect. Borealia and T. sect. Arctica, perhaps closer to the former. It is distinct in having a robust capitulum, a broadly rounded broad involucre base, and broadly ovate outer phyllaries; it is characterized by the absence of pollen and densely spinulose light greyish brown achenes. Distribution and habitat:—Originally known from Herschel Island, the northernmost Yukon Territory (documented by a number of gatherings), then reported from the W. Alaska (Haglund 1946: 343), and from the Russian territory (Herald Isl.). It is reported from tundra communities. Specimens examined:— CANADA. Yukon Territory, Herschel Isl., 69°34.5’N, 138°56’W, 9 Jul 1976, P. F. Cooper 121 (NY 2919099, photo!). – Canada, Yukon Territory, Herschel Isl., between 69°36’N 139°03’W and 69°36’N 138°57’W, 11 Jul 1976, P. F. Cooper 168 (NY 2919100, photo!). – RUSSIA. Herald Isl., 1881, C. L. Hooper (US 424060, n. v., fide Haglund 1946: 344).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".