Sylvicanthon genieri Cupello & Vaz-De 2018, sp. nov.

Sylvicanthon genieri sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AB21F887-15E7-40CD-BBA8-673CDB21ED37 Figs 6C, 15D, 17D, 20, 24, 27 Sylvicanthon sp. 2: Celi et al. 2004: 46. Sylvicanthon candezei – Carvajal et al. 2011: 117, 316 (error). Etymology The specific name, a noun in the genitive case, is an homage to the Canadian entomologist François Génier, one of the leading specialists in Scarabaeinae and author of some great works on this group, in recognition of his immense help and kindness in loaning more than one thousand specimens of Sylvicanthon (including 131 S. genieri sp. nov.) from the CMNC to us. As far as we know, Génier was the first entomologist to recognize this species as new, having identified since 1998 several specimens in the CMNC collection as “S ylvicanthon sp. nov”. Material examined Holotype ECUADOR: ♂, Tungurahua, 6 km east from Río Negro, 1500 m (“ECU: Tungurahua / 6 kmE RioNegro 1500m / 13–17.vii.76 S.Peck / for. car. tps. 40–50”), genital capsule removed and glued to a triangular label (CMNC). Paratypes (112 ♂♂, 89 ♀♀) ECUADOR: Morona Santiago: 1 ♂, Untsuants, site 4, 1100 m, 20 Jan. 2002, J. Celi and M. Ortega leg. (CMNC); 3 ♂♂, Untsuante, site 7, 900 m, 23 Jan. 2002, J. Celi and M. Ortega leg. (CMNC). – Napo: 11 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, “ Km 7.3 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 1200 m, 11 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♀, same collecting data as for preceding (MCNZ); 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, “ Km 7.3 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 1200 m, 14 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, “ Km 7.3 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 1200 m, 20 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ Km 11.1 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 1200 m, 20 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♀, same collecting data as for preceding (MCNZ); 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, “ Km 25.4 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 950 m, 12 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, “ Km 25.4 Sarayacu-Loreto Road ”, 950 m, 14 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC). – Orellana: 1 ♀, Onkone Gare Camp, 00º39′10″ S, 76º26′00″ W, 220 m, 4–12 Oct. 1995, active collecting beneath the leaf litter, T.L. Erwin Ecuador Expedition 1995, G.E. Ball and D. Shpeley leg. (CMNC). – Pastaza: 3 ♀♀, 4.3 km Rio Negro, 1200 m, 18 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, “ 09 km ESE Veracruz ”, 22–24 Aug. 1975, dung trap, R. Webster leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Pastaza, “ 22 km SE Puyo ”, 900 m, 16 Jul. 1976, dung trap, S. Peck leg. (CMNC); 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Pastaza, Puyo, Llandia, “ 17 km N Puyo ”, 19 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 2 ♂♂, Mera, 1 km E Mera, 1100 m, 13–17 Jul. 1976, dung trap, S. Peck leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, Pastaza, Puyo, Llandia, “ 17 km N Puyo ”, 20 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC). – Tungurahua: 1 ♂, 3 km W Río Negro, 1200 m, 18 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, 4.3 km E Río Negro, 1200 m, 18 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 4.3 km E Río Negro, 1200 m, 20 Jul. 1994, dung trap, F. Génier leg. (CMNC); 3 ♂♂, 6 km E Río Negro, 1500 m, 13–17 Jul. 1976, dung trap, S. Peck leg. (CMNC); 16 ♂♂ (1 dissected), 19 ♀♀, 8 km E Rio Negro, 10 km W Pastaza (= Shell), 1400 m, 13–17 Jul. 1976, dung trap, S. Peck leg. (CMNC); 9 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, Baños, “ El Topo ”, 01º23′41″ N, 78º22′52″ W, 1590 m, 23 Jan. 2011, human faeces, G. Maldonado leg. (CEMT). – Zamora Chinchipe: leg. 2 ♂♂, Upper Río Comainas, Cordillera del Cóndor, 03º54′ S, 78º25′ W, 1150 m, Jul. 1994, human faeces, A. Forsyth (MUSM). PERU: Amazonas: 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Comainas River, Jul. 1994, A. Forsyth leg. (MUSM); 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Comainas River, 21 Jul. 1994, A. Forsyth leg. (MUSM); 7 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀, Comainas River, 23 Jul. 1994, A. Forsyth leg. (MUSM). – Cuzco: 1 ♀, La Convención, Echarate, Campamento Segakiato, 11º45′38.6″ S, 73º14′57.7″ W, 908 m, 2 Mar. 2011, M. Alvarado and E. Rázuri leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Otsanampiato, 12º39′32.18″ S, 73º09′18″ W, 1681 m, 22–24 Jan. 2010, C. Carranza and C. Rossi leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Otsanampiato, 12º39′41.03″ S, 73º09′30.98″ W, 1723 m, 15–17 Sep. 2010, pitfall, M. Alvarado and J. Peralta leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º33′54.41″ S, 73º05′36.85″ W, 1747 m, 26–29 Jan. 2010, C. Carranza and C. Rossi leg. (MUSM); 1 ♀, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′13.56″ S, 73º05′12.13″ W, 1707 m, 18–21 Sep. 2010, M. Alvarado and J. Peralta leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′12.73″ S, 73º05′13.73″ W, 1709 m, 18–21 Sep. 2010, M. Alvarado and J. Peralta leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂ (dissected), 2 ♀♀, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′13.18″ S, 73º05′50.23″ W, 1422 m, 14 Oct. 2009, light, C. Carranza and C. Rossi (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′10.12″ S, 73º05′13.85″ W, 1587 m, 18–21 Sep. 2010, M. Alvarado and J. Peralta leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′21.70″ S, 73º05′16.91″ W, 1685 m, 26–29 Jan. 2010, C. Carranza and C. Rossi leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, La Convención, Echarate, Comunidad Campesina Santa Rosa, 12º34′10.72″ S, 73º05′15.17″ W, 1693 m, 18–21 Sep. 2010, pitfall, M. Alvarado and J. Peralta leg. (MUSM). – Huánuco: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, Leoncio Prado, Rupa-Rupa, Tingo María, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (“ Tingo María Universidad ”), Jul. 1974 (CMNC); 10 ♂♂ (1 dissected), 5 ♀♀, Leoncio Prado, Rupa-Rupa, Tingo María, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (“ Tingo María Universidad ”), Dec. 1974 (CMNC). – Junín: 1 ♀, Chanchamayo, San Ramón, 10 May 2002, F.G. Horgan leg. (MUSM); 2 ♀♀, Chanchamayo, San Ramón, Oct. 2002, pitfall with human faeces, F.G. Horgan leg. (MUSM). – San Martín: 1 ♀, Rioja, Yuracyacu, 05º57′07″ S, 77º11′12″ W, 805 m, 6–7 Sep. 2008, C. Albujar leg. (MUSM); 1 ♂ (dissected), Mariscal Cáceres, Juanjuí, Mar. 2010 (CEMT). Incorrect data: VENEZUELA: Bolívar: 1 ♂ (dissected), “ 150 km sur Caicara, R. Suapare”, 3–10 Apr. 1977, Bordón leg. (CMNC). Description COLOURATION. Head, pronotum, elytra, metaventrite, and pygidium largely coppery; pygidium and, more rarely, centre of head occasionally with greenish reflections. Meso- and metafemora orangish. HEAD. Tegument shiny, with strong alveolar microsculpture on frons, and more diffuse (yet clearly present) microsculpture on clypeus and genae; micropunctation fine and very subtle, sometimes almost imperceptible throughout most of the head, but often clearly seen on frons (Fig. 6C). Clypeus with two apical teeth obtuse and contiguous at base; with a single transverse row of setae covering the base of both teeth. Genae with a weak tooth immediately behind clypeal-genal juncture. Posterior edge of head unmargined between eyes. THORAX. Pronotum with shiny tegument and dense micropunctation at centre, denser and with more marked punctures than head (in some specimens, however, punctation can be weaker); towards the sides, micropunctation progressivily less dense and well marked, being completely absent on the lateral margin; tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture throughout its surface. Posterior edge with a fine transverse line at centre (usually extending little beyond the second elytral stria). Hypomeral cavity with variable density of setae, from almost glabrous to with long yellowish setae covering the entire interior of the hypomeral cavity; external margin simple, without any trace of a tubercle. Metaventrite entirely glabrous; anterior region with tegument with distinct alveolar microsculpture; centre and posterior region with dense alveolar microsculpture obliterating weak micropunctation, or micropunctation completely absent. LEGS. Profemora with tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture on their anterior half and with strong rivose microsculpture on their posterior half. Protibiae narrow and straight on their internal edge; at their apical seventh, external edge with two small acute teeth – the apical one slightly longer than the second. Mesofemora margined anteriorly only at their basal half; unmargined portion of anterior edge with row of very short setae; tegument with strong alveolar micosculpture. Metafemora margined only anteriorly, posterior margin absent; apical third of anterior edge covered by row of setae; tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture obliterating micropunctation, which is almost imperceptible; base without coarse elongate punctation. Metatarsomeres II and V subequal in length and longer than the others; metatarsomere IV shorter than the others. ELYTRA. With only eight visible striae: first four or five striae clearly marked, finely carinulate, and without basal widening; fifth to seventh striae progressivily more effaced and interrupted, the seventh occasionally vestigial; eighth stria vestigial, present only as a weak mark parallel to the apical half of epipleura; all striae lack their carinulae at the apex of elytra, where they are marked only by microsculpture or are completely indistinct; humeral carina absent. Tegument of interstriae with strong alveolar microsculpture obliterating micropunctation, which is almost imperceptible. ABDOMEN. Ventrite VI smooth at centre and with weak rivose microsculpture on the sides. Lateral foveae absent in both sexes. Pygidium with tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture and effaced, frequently imperceptible micropunctation; of equivalent length in both sexes. AEDEAGUS. Parameres about half as long as phallobase, and slightly asymmetrical: left paramere laterally flat or concave, right paramere convex (difference more easialy seen from ventral view). In lateral view, parameres with strong ventral keel and with short notch close to base (Fig. 17D). SEXUAL DIMORPHISM. Males: Protibial spur broad and bifid, with external projection spiniform, straight, and long, and internal projection bent and widened (Fig. 15D). Ventrite VI strongly narrowed at middle; ventrite V usually without medial flange on its poste

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