Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thuiaria distans Fraser, 1914a Thuiaria distans Fraser, 1914a: 197, pl. 32, figs. 123A, B [invalid junior primary homonym of Thuiaria distans Allman, 1877]. Thuiaria geniculata Fraser, 1918a: 136 [replacement name for Thuiaria distans Fraser, 1914a, not Thuiaria distans Allman, 1877]. Salacia fraseri Calder, 1991: 102 [replacement name for Thuiaria distans Fraser, 1914a, not Thuiaria distans Allman, 1877]. Thuiaria fraseri Cairns et al., 2002: 26. Type. BCPM 976-00708-001: Canada, British Columbia, Fairway Channel, N of Gabriola Island, 46–55 m, 13 May 1912, one colony, 2.3 cm high, in fair condition, without gonophores. Lectotype, by present designation. BCPM 976-00708-001: Canada, British Columbia, Fairway Channel, N of Gabriola Island, 46–55 m, 13 May 1912, one colony, 2.3 cm high, in fair condition, without gonophores; 60% IPA. Type locality. Canada, British Columbia: Fairway Channel, N of Gabriola Island (Fraser 1914a). Current status. Invalid. Remarks. Fraser (1914a) described Thuiaria distans without designating a type. Nevertheless, a hydroid colony from the type locality in the Fraser Hydroid Collection at the RBCM (BCPM 976-00708-001), listed above, is certain to be a type specimen. Given that Fraser was not explicit in stating the number of colonies in hand as the species was being described, however, we avoid assuming that the specimen is the holotype by monotypy and designate it as the lectotype (ICZN Recommendation 73F). The printed catalogue of the Fraser Collection indicates that the specimen was dry at some point but was rehydrated in January 1984. For all that, it is still in fair condition. Other specimens of the species occur in the Fraser Hydroid Collection at the RBCM (BCPM 976-00709-001: Northwest Bay, 19 June 1914; BCPM 976-00709-002 and BCPM 976-00709-003: Northwest Bay; BCPM 976- 00710-001: 14 km S of Marble Island, 26 June 1935, 347 m), but they are not part of the type series. Thuiaria distans Fraser, 1914a is an invalid junior primary homonym of Thuiaria distans Allman, 1877. Fraser (1918a) discovered the homonymy and proposed Thuiaria geniculata as a nomen novum for it. However, that replacement name has been widely if not universally overlooked, even by Fraser (1937a, 1947a) himself. Unaware of the correction in nomenclature, Calder (1991) replaced the original name of Fraser’s species with another, Salacia fraseri. The two nomena nova are objective synonyms, with T. geniculata Fraser, 1918a having priority. Held to be valid by Cairns et al. (2002) as Thuiaria fraseri, and in WoRMS as Salacia fraseri, the species is assigned here to Thuiaria Fleming, 1828 under the binomen T. geniculata Fraser, 1918a. Originally described from the trophosome only, gonothecae of T. geniculata were described and illustrated later by Fraser (1937a, as T. distans).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.028 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".