Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cryptonevra diadema (Meigen) One female specimen of Cryptonevra was collected in 2011 in an old field habitat in a suburban park (CANADA: Quebec: Pointe-Claire, Terra Cotta Natural Park, 45.4516° -73.8103°, 30.vi–07.vii.2011, C. Barrie, yellow pan, old field). Subsequent focused collecting with a sweep net in 2013 near a stand of P. australis at the same site yielded 14 more specimens (Pointe-Claire, Terra Cotta Natural Park, 45.4514°, -73.8099°, 11.vii.2013, C. Barrie, sweep, old field, 3 ♂, 11 ♀). Two female specimens were DNA barcoded (658 bp of the mitochondrial CO 1 gene) at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding (University of Guelph, ON, Canada) (BOLD SampleID: CCDB-21329-B04, CCDB-21329-B05; boldsystems.org). All specimens collected in this study are deposited in the Lyman Entomological Museum, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada (LEM). The specimens were identified as Cryptonevra diadema (Meigen) (Fig. 1) based on keys and illustrations in Ismay (1994) and Grochowska (2007). Cryptonevra diadema is a widespread Palearctic species whose larvae are associated with P. australis, as inquilines in Lipara galls (Ismay 1994, Grochowska 2007). Like Lipara and some species of Calamoncosis, Cryptonevra diadema was likely introduced to North America accidentally. Cryptonevra diadema is one of the few Nearctic species of the chloropid subfamily Chloropinae with an entirely black thorax and abdomen. Most species of Epichlorops Becker, Cetema Hendel or Thaumatomyia Zenker with a completely black scutum have at least some yellow on the scutellum or thoracic pleurites. In Sabrosky’s (1987) key to Nearctic chloropid genera, C. diadema keys to couplet 55 (Cetema and Epichlorops), although the scutum is not as distinctly tuberculate as in those two genera. Cryptonevra diadema can be accommodated in the Nearctic key to genera by the following modifications to couplet 54: 54. Scutum (except sometimes postpronotum and/or notopleuron) black, unstriped; scutal setulae arising from tubercles that are often star-shaped, or at least raised ............................................................................................................ 54a - Scutum usually with distinct black or reddish stripes; if uniformly black (rarely), then scutal setulae arising from fine, inconspicuous, piliferous punctures.................................................................................................................... 56 54a. Apex of first flagellomere angulate; frons black posteriorly, yellow at anterior margin, frontal triangle black, appearing shagreened in posterodorsal view; gena divided into microtomentose yellow upper portion and narrower, shining dark brown lower margin; scutal tubercles present but indistinct ................................................ Cryptonevra Meigen - Apex of first flagellomere rounded; frons yellow, contrasting with shining black frontal triangle; gena microtomentose, yellow; scutal tubercles distinctly star-shaped ................................................................................................... 55 Although C. diadema is the first described species of Cryptonevra recorded in North America, an unidentified Palearctic species of Cryptonevra is undergoing testing for possible release in the southern United States as a potential biological control agent for another invasive grass, giant reed (Arundo donax L., Poaceae) (Dudley & Lambert 2007, Goolsby et al. 2009) and adventive populations of Cryptonevra that may be conspecific with that species have been found in coastal southern California (Dudley & Lambert 2007).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".