Ground based meteor radar of Kazan Federal University
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Currently, sources of meteor particles that fall into the upper atmosphere when the Earth moves in its orbit are being actively investigated. For this, the radiometric method is very actively used. This method is based on the radiolacation of meteor trails that appear as a result of the ionization of air in the mesosphere – the lower thermosphere (75-110 km) during the combustion of meteors. Radiometric observations of meteor showers are actively conducted at Kazan Federal University. Regular observations began in 1978, and the first data measuring the heights of meteor combustion began in 1985. In 2015, a Skiymet-type meteor radar of joint Canadian and Australian production was installed. The KFU meteor radar consists of a phase interferometer (five two-element crossed receiving antennas of the Yagi-Udo type) with bases of wavelengths 2 and 2.5, a transmitting antenna (crossed three-element antennas), as well as a transmitter with a power of 15 kW per pulse (average power of about 1 kW) with a carrier frequency of 29.75 MHz and a pulse repetition frequency of 1594 Hz. The meteor radar of Kazan Federal University (56N, 49E) is constantly being upgraded. The results of modernization are presented: a significant increase in the number of meteors and the accuracy of the estimation of angular coordinates and heights.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".