Bibliographic record
Abstract
Copelatus masculinus Régimbart, 1899 Source of material. The five instar II and five instar III larvae studied were reared ex ovo from adults collected at the following locality: Japan. Tarumai-shitsugen, Yonaguni-cho Yonaguni-jima Island, Okinawa Prefecture, 24°26’31.2’’N 122°58’06.2’’E, 17.VI.2018; K. Watanabe leg. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Copelatus masculinus can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 1.00 mm; L3 <2.00 mm; U <0.40 mm; head capsule rounded, slightly constricted at level of occipital region (Fig. 25), scale-like sculpticels present over frontoclypeus and parietale; anterior margin of frontoclypeus narrowly convex, extending mesally slightly beyond adnasalia (Fig. 25); adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded teeth (Fig. 64); MP2/MP1> 1.50; GA/MP1> 1.50; LP2/LP1 <1.10; inner margin of stipes lacking a dorsal linear row of spinulae; profemur with less than 3 PV and 4 AV secondary setae; metafemur with less than 3 AV secondary setae; urogomphus composed of two urogomphomeres; U/HW <0.40; U/LAS <0.50; Oriental and Palaearctic. Description, instar II Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 4. Head: Head capsule rounded, slightly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus narrowly convex, extending mesally slightly beyond level of adnasalia; scale-like sculpticels well-developed over frontoclypeus and parietale; adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded teeth (see Fig. 64); HL = 0.68–0.72 mm; A/MP = 1.33–1.36; MP/LP = 1.99–2.07; MP2/MP1 = 1.62–1.72; GA/MP1 = 1.92–2.13; LP2/LP1 = 1.33–1.55; MNL/MNW = 2.83–3.33. Thorax: L3 = 1.32–1.42 mm. Abdomen: LAS = 0.46–0.54 mm; LAS subcylindrical to subconical, not constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U = 0.23–0.25 mm, composed of two urogomphomeres; U/HW = 0.32–0.34; U/LAS = 0.46–0.51. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 5–7 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 5. Description, instar III (Figs 25–27, 64). As second-instar larva except as follows: Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 25, 27, 64): HL = 0.97–0.99 mm; A/MP = 1.34–1.37; MP/LP = 2.04–2.14; MP2/MP1 = 1.51–1.65; GA/MP1 = 1.61–1.85; LP2/LP1 = 1.06–1.12; MNL/MNW = 2.84–2.92. Thorax: L3 = 1.90–2.00 mm. Abdomen (Fig. 26): LAS = 0.75–0.77 mm; U = 0.31–0.32 mm, U/HW = 0.29–0.31; U/LAS = 0.40–0.43. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 7–9 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 7.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".