The Dragonfly Ultrawide Survey: Design and Early Science
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The low surface brightness universe encodes key information about galaxy formation and evolution, yet it is a challenging regime to study. The Dragonfly Telephoto Array is uniquely optimized for investigating low surface brightness phenomena, with its large (6 sq. deg.) field of view and relatively unobstructed light optical path, leading to significantly less scattered light compared to traditional telescope designs. We have recently completed the Dragonfly Ultrawide Survey, which covers roughly a quarter of the sky (~ 10,000 sq. deg.) in g- and r-band imaging and overlaps with the entire SDSS footprint. The 30-minute integration times yield surface brightness limits below 29 mag/arcsec2 on 1x1' scales. The large survey footprint, combined with Dragonfly's unprecedented sensitivity to low surface brightness features and exquisite control over background systematics, enables us to explore key questions about the low surface brightness universe. The primary science of the Ultrawide survey is to detect the largest, nearest (d < 20 Mpc) Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs). I will present an overview of the Dragonfly Ultrawide Survey and highlight the initial science results from the survey, including the search for as-yet undetected UDGs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".