Immunita delle imprese e sviluppo globale. un male necessario? quando lo stato retrocede dalle politiche di sviluppo: comparare alcune suggestioni giurisprudenziali
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Globalization has seen the relegation of States, leaving firm as a promoter of development. In this way, giant global companies are born. It exists a legal vacuum where firms operate outside the jurisdiction of the domestic State and within the system of weak, or weakened, rules of the host State. This space of immunity becomes a goal to be pursued through complex corporate architectures. In this institutional disorder, the Courts become the place of regulation of corporate responsibility in his supply chain. In the United States, the Alien Tort Statute has been invoked several times against multinational companies until the Nestlé case in 2021. Canadian and British jurisprudence seeks to trace corporate responsibility not only in the sensitivity of international law, but also through the tools of commercial law and tort law. The firm, therefore, outside the democratic process, stands between economic and political competition, representing an alternative pole to the public function. The essay analyzes some comparative case law experiences in order to warn about the retrocession of the state in the face of the negative externalities of the globalized economy.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".