Chemical and biological oceanographic conditions on the Scotian Shelf and in the eastern Gulf of Maine during 2023
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nutrient and plankton metrics are assessed in the context of physical conditions observed in the Maritimes region in 2023. Sub-surface (50-150 m) nitrate inventories were spatially variable across the region in 2023 but indicated a gradual return toward near-normal levels, except in the Bay of Fundy (i.e., at Prince-5) where a record-low value was observed in 2023. Bottom nitrate concentrations during summer were predominantly below normal across the region in 2023. In situ chlorophyll-a inventories were on average higher than normal in the region in 2023. Surface chlorophyll-a concentrations measured by satellite remote sensing reached record-high values in some sub-regions in 2023. The spring phytoplankton bloom timing was later than normal with a mainly lower-than-normal intensity in 2023. The fall bloom was generally earlier than normal with a higher-than-normal intensity. Diatoms abundance at Halifax-2 indicates increasing levels over the last three years. The abundance of Calanus finmarchicus was on average slightly above normal in the region in 2023, contrasting with the low abundances observed since 2011. Pseudocalanus spp. abundance was on average above normal in the region while zooplankton biomass and the abundance of Arctic Calanus species remained mainly near or below normal levels in 2023.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".