The Comparative Analysis of Alternative Refrigerants on Ship Refrigeration Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The usage of CFC and HCFC gases, which are extensively used in ship refrigeration and air conditioning systems, has been restricted due to harmful effects on the ozone layer and global warming. Thus, the use of alternative refrigerants becomes a possible solution. In this study, the performance parameters, environmental and economic effects of the system for various refrigerants were analyzed comparatively for marine refrigeration systems. For this purpose, the refrigerants R407C, R1234yf, R245fa, R152a, R513a, R450a, R161, R453a, and R717 are investigated as alternatives to the most commonly used R22 and R134a refrigerants on board ships. The results show that the best alternatives -in terms of performance, environment and economy- for R22 are R717 (new) and R453A (drop-in) and for R134a are R717 (new) and R152a (drop-in). In addition, drop-in, retrofit or new system suitability of the analyzed refrigerants for replacement of R22 and R134a are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".