A Multicomponent Seismic Investigation of Natural and Induced Fracturing, Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fractures in the subsurface are known to impact seismic imaging. This study focuses on multicomponent, time-lapse analysis of fracture-induced anisotropy in the Devonian Dawson Bay Formation in southern Saskatchewan. The baseline and monitor, PP and PS seismic volumes were divided into 4 sub-volumes consisting of a 45 degree stack of source-receiver ray paths. Weak azimuthal anisotropy was observed through the interpretation of these volumes. Travel-time analysis located areas which are interpreted to exhibit a higher density of preferential fracturing which appears to be related to mining operations. Vp/Vs analysis, through the registration of PP and PS horizons, confirmed the presence of a high Vp/Vs anomaly which is interpreted to be caused by fractures networks without a preferential orientation within the Dawson Bay Formation in the centre of the survey area. Seismic attribute analysis was used to determine that fractures extend vertically from the Dawson Bay Formation to the top of the Souris River Formation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".