Chogha Maran: A local center of the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age in the Central Zagros
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Between 1975-78, L.D. Levine and his team conducted the largest survey project in the Zagros Mountains – the Mahidasht Survey Project – focusing on four contiguous plains in Kermanshah Province that straddled the major route between Mesopotamia and the Iranian highlands. Four weeks of excavations at the site of Chogha Maran documented a sequence of settlements of the fifth and third millennia BCE. The results from these excavations form to this day the only stratified dataset for these periods in the western central Zagros. The Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age pottery and administrative artifacts from Chogha Maran reveal distinctly local traditions that differ significantly from the contemporary settlement at Godin Tepe in the Kangavar Plain. This article presents the stratigraphy and artifacts from Chogha Maran based on archival research at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto and a reanalysis of a large corpus of clay sealings and tokens at the National Museum of Iran in Tehran. Our analysis of this material traces the emergence of small-scale, yet complex societies in the central Zagros, which were fully integrated in the highland-lowland interaction networks while maintaining distinctly local cultural traditions expressed most clearly in potting practices and glyptic imagery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".