Biotransport of marine-derived trace elements to a coastal ecosystem in the Canadian High Arctic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seabirds are an important link between their marine feeding areas and their terrestrial breeding environments, transporting both marine-derived nutrients and contaminants to land via their excreta, feathers and carcasses. The importance of seabird-derived nutrients is particularly apparent in nutrient poor regions like the Canadian High Arctic, where biological oases form in the area surrounding a colony. While providing the nutrient subsidies that shape the terrestrial ecosystem of many Arctic sites, seabirds may focus contaminants into their nesting sites at potentially toxic levels. Here, we investigated the impact of a large northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) colony on nearby ponds spanning a broad gradient of seabird influence at Cape Vera, Devon Island. Nutrient concentrations were significantly higher in ponds receiving guano than in reference ponds. The ponds closest to the cliffs, and thus receiving the highest seabird subsidies, were the most contaminated, and in some cases exceeded Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life for As, Cd and Zn. This study demonstrates that seabirds can transport contaminants bioaccumulated from the ocean and funnel them into receptor sites to potentially toxic levels thousands of kilometers from industrial centers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".