Microstructure of first year sea ice ridges
Bibliographic record
Abstract
First year sea ice ridges were characterized off the West Coast of Newfoundland from 07 to 22 March 1999. This report presents a comprehensive investigation of five ridges sampled during the March 1999 program. The ice microstructure of the ridges is correlated to the bulk physical properties (temperature, salinity and density) and consolidated layer thickness of the ridged ice. The ridges had a maximum sail height that ranged from 1.5 to 3.8 m. The consolidated layer thickness of the ridged ice ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 m and the total ice thickness varied from 1.8 to 5.0 m. The temperature of the ice cores was just below 0°C. The average bulk ice salinity ranged from 3.6 to 4.1 ‰, with a maximum of 6 ‰. Ice densities from the examined ridge site ranged from 0.85 to 0.93 Mg/m³. The warm temperatures, high porosity and low density of the ice indicated temperate ridges in a deteriorated state. Due to the deteriorated state of the ridged ice, it is expected that the measured average salinity of the ridges may have decreased after the ridge formed. The sail blocks showed that the ice involved in the ridge formation consisted of columnar grained ice, predominantly. Examination of the macrostructure of ridged ice cores showed highly porous, loosely consolidated ice with discrete banding. The microstructure of the cores revealed a non-uniform matrix comprised of mostly granular ice, with some coarse frazil particles and elongated columns.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".