Effects of wind, waves, and currents on icebergs and surface floats in the Labrador Sea: a modeling study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Icebergs are major indicators of climate change. In Newfoundland, icebergs attract tourists while simultaneously posing a threat to ships and offshore oil platforms. Research is carried out on a model study of the dynamics of icebergs and surface floats in the Labrador Sea. In this study, the iceberg model is forced with data of wind above the ocean surface, surface waves and ocean currents. The wind and surface wave characteristics are acquired from the hourly ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5), while the ocean current, sea-surface height and sea surface temperature data are from MERCATOR Ocean International daily reanalysis for the year 2008. In the Labrador Sea, for smaller icebergs the primary balance is between the air and water drag, while for larger icebergs it is between three forces: the air and water drag and the combined Coriolis and pressure force. Floats are primarily driven by the Ekman component of surface velocity. Storms passing over the Labrador Sea cause significant variability in the movements of icebergs and floats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".