Prior knowledge-guided vision-transformer-based unsupervised domain adaptation for intubation prediction in lung disease at one week.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Data-driven approaches have achieved great success in various medical image analysis tasks. However, fully-supervised data-driven approaches require unprecedentedly large amounts of labeled data and often suffer from poor generalization to unseen new data due to domain shifts. Various unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods have been actively explored to solve these problems. Anatomical and spatial priors in medical imaging are common and have been incorporated into data-driven approaches to ease the need for labeled data as well as to achieve better generalization and interpretation. Inspired by the effectiveness of recent transformer-based methods in medical image analysis, the adaptability of transformer-based models has been investigated. How to incorporate prior knowledge for transformer-based UDA models remains under-explored. In this paper, we introduce a prior knowledge-guided and transformer-based unsupervised domain adaptation (PUDA) pipeline. It regularizes the vision transformer attention heads using anatomical and spatial prior information that is shared by both the source and target domain, which provides additional insight into the similarity between the underlying data distribution across domains. Besides the global alignment of class tokens, it assigns local weights to guide the token distribution alignment via adversarial training. We evaluate our proposed method on a clinical outcome prediction task, where Computed Tomography (CT) and Chest X-ray (CXR) data are collected and used to predict the intubation status of patients in a week. Abnormal lesions are regarded as anatomical and spatial prior information for this task and are annotated in the source domain scans. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed PUDA method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".