Ratios of strontium to calcium measured in pectoral fin rays of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured in the lakes and rivers of Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota, United States and Ontario, Canada, 2007-15
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The U.S. Geological Survey, Voyageurs National Park, South Dakota State University, and Missouri Department of Conservation conducted a cooperative study to measure ratios of strontium to calcium (Sr:Ca) in cross sections of pectoral fin rays obtained from lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured in lakes and rivers of Namakan Reservoir in Minnesota and Ontario. We measured Sr:Ca ratios in cross sections of 37 pectoral fin rays collected from 10 locations (5 rivers and 5 lakes) in Namakan Reservoir as part of a larger study to investigate whether relations between Sr:Ca in water and pectoral fin rays were significant and useful for determining migratory histories of lake sturgeon in Namakan Reservoir. Pectoral fin rays were removed nonlethally at the time of capture from lake sturgeon captured during surveys collected from 2007-09. Cross sections of collected pectoral fin rays were analyzed using laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Laser ablation transects started in the center of the fin ray cross section near the origin, which represents growth from birth through the first year of life. Laser ablation transects advanced outward toward the edge of the fin ray cross section, which represents the most recent growth of the lake sturgeon. Laser ablation analyses occurred November 2-6, 2015. Photographs of ablated pectoral fin ray cross sections were taken using a digital camera mounted to a microscope.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".