Language change and stance in a remote Mennonite community in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates Canadian Raising patterns in the Pennsylvania German English speech of nine Old Order Mennonites in southern Ontario with a focus onlinguistic context and stance-taking. Although this community is traditionally isolated and resistant to change, some speakers are now increasingly in contact withthe local English-speaking community and have begun to participate in the ongoing shift towards Canadian Raising, a process that is largely complete in the widerCanadian English speech community. The extent to which linguistic resources areavailable to the speakers and used for social work, such as stances, hinges on theindividual degree of contact with the English community. The speakers deal differently with the new vowel; /aʊ/-raising, imbued with the social meaning of Canadianness, might be adopted or avoided, while /aɪ/-raising, below the speakers’ social awareness, indicates contact with the linguistic resources. The context of thisstudy is perfectly suited for understanding local and translocal dynamics in a dialect contact situation, particularly in relation to stylistic practices in Third Wavesociolinguistics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".