Heraeus plebejus Stal 1874

HERAEUS PLEBEJUS STÅL, 1874 (FIGS 36H, 39E, 41A–D, 42) Heraeus plebejus Stål, 1874: 147; Uhler, 1886: 15; Van Duzee, 1894: 174; Lethierry & Severin, 1894: 191; Torre Bueno, 1908: 231; Banks, 1910: 65; Torre Bueno, 1910: 30; Barber, 1914b: 514; Osborn & Drake, 1915a: 506; Weiss, 1916: 10; Van Duzee, 1916: 21; Van Duzee, 1917: 179; Hussey, 1922: 21; Barber, 1923: 725; Torre Bueno, 1924: 50; Torre Bueno, 1925: 70; Blatchley, 1926: 390; Torre Bueno, 1930: 101; Glick, 1939: 23, 134; Froeschner, 1944: 643, 662; Torre Bueno, 1946: 69; Slater, 1952: 532, Barber, 1954a: 4; Ashlock, 1957: 422; Sweet & Slater, 1961: 339; Frost, 1964: 135; Slater, 1964: 1083–1084; Schaefer, 1972: 812; Slater, 1974: 158; Scudder, 1977: 34; Harrington, 1980: 109; Ashlock & Slater, 1988: 228; Slater & Baranowski, 1990: 130–132; Slater & O’Donnell, 1995: 147; Lago & Testa, 2000: 192; Slater & Brailovsky, 2000: 332; Baranowski & Slater, 2005: 142. Diagnosis Apex of basiflagellomere and distiflagellomere darker, the latter without a pale band. Pedicel with abundant erect setae, equal to or longer than diameter of segment. Labium extending to mesocoxae. Membrane without an apical corial spot. Metafemur with a subapical dark band. Pygophore apex pointed dorsally in lateral view. Heraeus plebejus, together with H. pulchellus and H. pacificus, are the only species in the group that lack a pale band on distiflagellomere (although in some specimens of H. pulchellus a narrow pale band is apparent). Heraeus plebejus and H. pulchellus have pale brown to brown antennae, with the apex of basiflagellomere and distiflagellomere darker, and the ocelli are placed at the level of an imaginary line passing the posteri- or border of the eyes, whereas in H. pacificus the antenna is uniformly coloured dark brown and the ocelli are placed posterior of an imaginary line passing the posterior border of the eyes. Heraeus plebejus can be distinguished from H. pulchellus based mainly on body size (H. plebejus over 5.25 mm long and H. pulchellus less than 5 mm long) and characters of the male genitalia. Redescription (Fig. 36H) Head: Coriaceous. Eyes not surpassing the dorsal margin of head in lateral view. Ocelli at level of an imaginary line passing the posterior border of eyes. Labium extending to mesocoxae. Antennae pale brown to brown, with the apex of basiflagellomere and distiflagellomere darker. Distiflagellomere without a pale band. Pedicel with abundant erect setae, equal to or longer than diameter of segment. Thorax: Posterior pronotal lobe with pale spots and with a pale spot on humeral angles. Anterior pronotal lobe with long erect setae. Scutellum with erect setae. Evaporative area extended. Inner corial spot diffuse. Costal margin pale on proximal three-quarters, with a subapical corial spot. Membrane brown, with veins paler. Legs: Profemur dark, at most with apices paler and long erect setae; metafemur with a subapical dark band (Fig. 39E). Protibiae and mesofemur without spines. Abdomen: Brown, with abundant short recumbent setae. Male genitalia: Pygophore (Fig. 41A, B) rounded, apex with a protuberance pointed dorsally; anterior margin of dorsal aperture slightly rounded, inner projections more pronounced posteriorly. Parameres: Figure 41 (C, D). Aedeagus: conjunctiva with some minute spines laterally, lobes of vesica slightly sclerotized, with a few minute spines distally; processus gonopori long and slender. Variability observed The specimens from Tamaulipas and Nueva León (Mexico) differ from the other specimens examined by the short pale band on the basal region of distiflagellomere. Distribution Canada, Mexico, and the USA; the Bahamas, South Bimini Island, Haiti, Belize, and Honduras (NEW RECORDS) (Fig. 42). This species has a broad distribution in North and Central America, probably originating from an ancestral stock that reached the West Indies and Galapagos Islands where it differentiated into other species: H. pacificus in the Galapagos Islands and H. pulchellus and H. concolor in Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and the Dominican Republic. Type material The type series is deposited in SMNH and is from Texas and New Jersey (USA); Scudder (1977) designated a female lectotype and paralectotypes. Material studied BELIZE: 3♂, 2♀, Orange Walk Dist., Chan Chich Lodge, 14-IV-[20]04, BLT, R.M. & H.V. Baranowski (USNM); 4♂, 2♀, 30-X-[20]09, BLT, R.M. & H.V. Baranowski (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 1-VI-[20]09, E. Flota (MLP); 1♂, 15-X-[20]03, E. Flota (USNM); 3♀, 12-IV- [20]04, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 4♀, 13-IV-[20]04, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 5-VII-[20]09, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 21- IV-[20]04, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 4-V- [20]04, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 16♂, 20♀, 1-VI- [20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♀, 18-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 23-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 24-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 3♀, 25-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♂, 27-X- [20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 1♀, 28-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 2♀, 29-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 3♂, 1♀, 31-X-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 3♀, 1-XI-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 2♂, 2-XI-[20]09, BLT, E. Flota (USNM); 1♀, 13-XI- [20]04, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 3♂, 2-I-[20]05, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 1♀, 27-I- [20]05, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 2♂, 30-IV- [20]05, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 2♂, 7-XII- [20]04, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 1♂, 4♀, 2-VII-[20]04, BL trap, C. Sanabria (USNM); 1♂, Cayo Dist., Benque del Carmen, Riverside N., Mopan River Resort, 25-V-[20]07, blacklight trap, P. Picon (USNM); 1♂, 30-V-[20]07, blacklight trap, P. Picon (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, Mopan R. Resort, Riverside N., Benque Viejo del Carmen, Cayo, BLT, 27-VI-[20]06, A. Trujillo (USNM); 1♂, 2♀, Cayo District, Benque Viejo, Riverside N. Mopan R. Resort, 22-IX-[20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 2♂, 29-IX-[20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 1♂, 4-X-[20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 1♂, 7-X-[20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 1♀, 15-X- [20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 1♀, 6-XI-[20]09, BLT, M. Chrysler (USNM); 2♂, Orange Walk District, Gallon Jug, 7-IV-[20]04, BLT, B. Miller (USNM); 1♂, 13-IV-[20]05, BLT, B. Miller (USNM); 1♀, 11-X- [20]05, BLT, B. Miller (USNM); 1♀, Cayo District, Central farms, mile 67, Western Highway, 29-VI- [19]68, blacklight trap, W.L. Hasse (USNM); 2♂, O.[range] W.[alk] Dist., Rio Bravo, Area hdqtrs., 11- VII-1996, UV trap, P. Shuey (USNM); 2♂, 13-VII- 1996, UV trap, P. Shuey (USNM); 5♂, 8-VII-1996, UV trap, P. Shuey (USNM); 3♂, Rio Bravo Cons. Area, Mahogany Trail, 10-VII-1996, Uv & Hg vapor light, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien (USNM). HONDURAS: 1♂, intercepted at Miami, 21-V-[19]54, A.S. Mills (USNM). MEXICO: Coahuila: 1♀, 10 mi. S Allende, 11-VIII- 1958, H.F. Howden (CNC); Durango: 1♂, 23 mi. W Durango, 7500 ft, 13-VI-1964, L.A. Kelton (CNC); Oaxaca: 1♀, Rio Jatepec, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, blacklight trap, 21-V-[20]09, Blanton et al. (USNM); Tamaulipas: 1♀, Tamps, Galeana Canyon, 19-VI- 1975, L.E. Watrous (OSUC); 1♀, Antiguo Morelos 5 mi. W, 1400 ft, 20-VII-1954, J.G. Chillcott (CNC); 1♂, CD, Mante, 27-VII-[19]60, at light, H. Howden (CNC); San Luis Potosí: 1♀, Tamazunchale, 19-IV-1963, W.J. Gertsch & W. Ivie (AMNH). Veracruz: 1♂, 5 mi. S Veracruz, 30-VI-1975, at light, C.A., W.E., B.W. Triplehorn (OSUC). USA: Alabama: 1♀, C.F. Parker (USNM); Arizona: one without abdomen, Phoenix, 4-VI-1928, A.A. Nichol (USNM); 2♀, one without abdomen, #90 (USNM); 1♂, 2♀, Salt Riv. Valley, 16-II-1933, rubbish nr. cotton field, C.J. King (USNM); 1♀, Thatcher, 20-VI-1951, E.J. Taylor (USNM); Arkansas: 1♀, Hope, 11-VI- 1954, J.W. Green (CAS); 1♂, 1-VII-1931, light trap, L. Knobel (USNM); 1♀, 14-VI-[19]25, light trap, L. Knobel (USNM); 1♀, 5-X-[19]25, light trap, L. Knobel (USNM); 1♂, 23-VI-[19]25 (USNM); one without abdomen, 25-V-[19]25, light trap, L. Knobel (USNM); 1♂, Queen Wilhelmina State Park, 4-IV- 1987, G.F. & J.F. Hevel (USNM); Connecticut: 1♂, Storrs, 29-VII-1954, F.B. Levi (USNM); 1♀, 26-VIII- 1954, J.A. Slater (USNM); District of Columbia: 1♀, Washington D.C., 15-V-[18]92 (CUIC); 1♂, 8-VI- [19]03, Heidemann (CUIC); 1♂, V-[19]08, Van Duzee (CAS); 1♂, 2♀, Washington, 13-III-[19]10, B.M. (USNM); 5♂, 1♀, 22-II-[19]06, D.H. Clemons (USNM); 1♂, 4-VII-[19]14, H.H.T. Jackson (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 24-VII-[19]07, W.L. McAtee (USNM); 1♂, 15-VII- [19]14, W.L. McAtee (USNM); 1♀, 6-V-[19]13, at light, W.L. McAtee (USNM); 1♂, J.D. Hood (USNM); 1♀, 6-VII-[19]07, J.D. Hood (USNM); 1♀, DC, 2-XII- [19]88 (USNM); 1♂, DC, 3-XI-[19]38, C.V. Riley (USNM); 1♀, Woodbridge, 4-VII-1913, A. Wetmore (USNM); 1♂, Receiving Reservoir, 22-II-1913, W.D. Appel (USNM); 1♂, 13-IV-1913, W.D. Appel (USNM); Florida: 3♂, 2♀, Lake Alfred, 24-VI- [19]63, on Eremochloa ophiuroides, C.D. Risk (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, Volusia Co., 4-VIII-[19]56, at light, H.A. Denmark (USNM); 2♀, 6-VIII-[19]56, at light, H.A. Denmark (USNM); 1♂, Cleveland, IV-[19]25, D.M. DeLong (PSUC); 2♂, 1♀, Archbold Biological Station, Highlands Co., 17-III-[19]62, S.W. Frost (PSUC); 1♂, 1♀, one without abdomen, 24-IV- [19]67, D.E. Bright (CNC); 1♂, 3♀, 23-IV-[19]67, D.E. Bright (CNC); 1♀, 23-IV-[19]67, D.E. Bright (PSUC); 1♀, 7-IV-[19]62, S.W. Frost (PSUC); 1♀, IX- 1975, W. Rosenberg (USNM); 1♀, 13 km S lake Placid, 4-V-1986, W. Steiner (USNM); 1♀, Lake Placid, Archbold Biological Sta., 4-V-1969 (CNC); 1♂, 9-V- 1964, R.W. Hodges (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 18-V-1964, R.W. Hodges (USNM); 1♂, Highlands Co., 2-V- 1983, UV light trap, M. Deyrup (USNM); 1♂, 1♀, 6-IV-1983, UV light trap, M. Deyrup (USNM); 1♀, Putnam Co., 2 mi. NW Orange Springs, 1/3-VIII- [19]75, D. Bowman (USNM); 3♂, 1♀, Washington Co., 5 mi. E Chipley, 31-VIII-[19]60, blacklight trap, W.C. Rhodes (USNM); 1♀, Hendry Co., LaBelle, 10/ 11-III-1974, UV in oak groove, J. Reynolds (AMNH); 1♀, Clewiston, 30-IV-[19]61, L.A. Kelton (CNC); one without abdomen, 6-II-[19]41, M. Wrigth (USNM); 1♀, Gainesville, 24-IV-1952, O. Peck (CNC); 1♀, Alachua Co., Gainesville, 29°36.916′N, 82

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