First report of Pseudochauhanea mexicana (Mazocraeidea, Chauhaneidae) and Scomberocotyle scomberomori (Mazocraeidea, Thoracocotylidae) in Sphyraena ensis (Perciformes, Sphyraenidae) from the northern Peru
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sphyraena ensis is distributed in the Eastern Pacific from Mexico to Chile, including the Galapagos Islands. Despite the wide distribution of this fish, knowledge of the parasitic fauna of S. ensis is restricted to only three monogenean species. The objective of this study was to record and describe two monogenean species of S. ensis in northern Peru. During a parasitological study from May to October 2019, monogeneans were collected from the gills of 138 specimens of S. ensis from Caleta de Zorritos, Contralmirante Villar Province, Tumbes, on the north coast of Peru. Helminths were stained in carmine acetic acid, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, diaphanized in clove oil and mounted in Canada balsam. To observe the sclerotized structures, several specimens were placed in Hoyer's medium. We identified the following monogeneans not previously reported in Peru: Pseudochauhanea mexicana and Scomberocotyle scomberomori. This is the first report of these two monogeneans in Peru, and the first report of P. mexicana in South America. Furthermore, S. ensis is reported as a new host of S. scomberomori.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".