Northeast Pacific Deep-sea Exploration Project (NEPDEP) expedition report (PAC2023-034): cold seeps and the MV Zim Kingston shipping incident
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The PAC2023-034 expedition took place from July13-24, 2023. The expedition surveyed known and suspected cold seep areas off the northwest coast of Vancouver Island near Mᑫuqᵂin /Brooks Peninsula and in Barkley Canyon, the MV Zim Kingston debris field on La Perouse Bank, the known SS Coast Trader shipwreck near the Canada-USA southern marine border and a suspected submarine wreck near Triangle Island. Tools used included a Bathyal Ocean Observation and Televideo System (BOOTS) towed camera, LVB-300 SeaBotix Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), pole-mounted Kongsberg 2040 multibeam echosounder, hull-mounted Simrad EK60 split-beam echosounder, oceanographic drifters, baited stationary cameras, and airborne and ship-based cameras. We completed 25 scientific dives and collected 1,611 kilometres of acoustic data and 255 kilometres of multibeam data. We confirmed four new active cold seep fields, mapped 102 active bubble streams, documented a naturally occurring hydrocarbon sheen, bottom-contact fishing impacts in cold seep habitats, and confirmed no evidence of seeping at two suspected sites. We located 29 shipping containers and seven container fragments, of which, 15 were confirmed to be from the 2021 MV Zim Kingston shipping incident. We confirmed the absence of the suspected submarine wreck and confirmed potential oil pollution and the presence of ghost gear at the SS Coast Trader shipwreck. We conducted five conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) casts and collected CTD data on all BOOTS dives. This was a successful collaborative expedition, meeting all our original science objectives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".