Bibliographic record
Abstract
A dataset containing 3541660 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Machine Observation, Human Observation, Material sample, Occurrence evidence, Living Specimen, Material citation)", "Country is Canada", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is one of (Elaphurus davidianus Milne-Edwards, 1866, Zalophus californianus (Lesson, 1828), Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758), Varecia variegata (Kerr, 1792), Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758, Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780, Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775), Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792), Tragelaphus eurycerus (Ogilby, 1837), Trachypithecus vetulus philbricki (Phillips, 1927), Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822), Tayassu tajacu (Linnaeus, 1758), Taurotragus oryx (Pallas, 1766), Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758), Tamias striatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Tamias sibiricus (Laxmann, 1769), Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw, 1792), Syncerus caffer (Sparrman, 1779), Sylvilagus floridanus (J.A.Allen, 1890), Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus (Mitchill, 1821), Spermophilus beecheyi (Richardson, 1829), Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766, Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758, Sigmodon hispidus Say & Ord, 1825, Semnopithecus priam thersites (Blyth, 1847), Sciurus niger Linnaeus, 1758, Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, 1788, Saimiri sciureus (Linnaeus, 1758), Saguinus oedipus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hippotragus niger (Harris, 1838), Rhizomys sinensis Gray, 1831, Rhinoceros unicornis Linnaeus, 1758, Rattus tanezumi (Temminck, 1845), Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758), Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769), Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758), Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760), Pithecia pithecia (Linnaeus, 1766), Phodopus campbelli (Thomas, 1905), Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817), Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque, 1818), Papio cynocephalus (Linnaeus, 1766), Papio anubis (Lesson, 1827), Panthera tigris (Linnaeus, 1758), Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758), Ovis orientalis Gmelin, 1774, Ovis musimon (Pallas, 1811), Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758, Oryx leucoryx (Pallas, 1777), Oryx gazella callotis Thomas, 1892, Oryx gazella (Linnaeus, 1758), Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758), Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766), Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780), Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817), Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792), Nycticebus pygmaeus Bonhote, 1907, Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus Temminck, 1838, Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831), Myotis adversus (Horsfield, 1824), Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782), Mustela putorius Linnaeus, 1758, Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758, Muntiacus reevesi (Ogilby, 1839), Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779), Microtus agrestis (Linnaeus, 1761), Mesocricetus auratus (Waterhouse, 1839), Mephitis mephitis (Schreber, 1776), Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758), Martes foina (Erxleben, 1777), Marmota monax (Linnaeus, 1758), Marmota flaviventris (Audubon & Bachman, 1841), Mandrillus leucophaeus (F.Cuvier, 1807), Macropus rufus (Desmarest, 1822), Macropus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817), Macropus giganteus Shaw, 1790, Macaca thibetana (A.Milne-Edwards, 1870), Macaca sinica sinica, Macaca radiata (É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812), Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766), Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780), Macaca fuscata (Blyth, 1875), Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821), Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797), Lemur macaco Linnaeus, 1766, Lemur catta Linnaeus, 1758, Larus dominicanus M.H.K.Lichtenstein, 1823, Lama guanicoe (Müller, 1776), Lama pacos (Linnaeus, 1758), Lama glama (Linnaeus, 1758), Kobus ellipsiprymnus (Ogilby, 1833), Isoodon obesulus (Shaw, 1797), Iguana iguana (Linnaeus, 1758), Hystrix indica Kerr, 1792, Hylobates syndactylus syndactylus, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766), Hexaprotodon liberiensis (Morton, 1849), Helarctos malayanus (Raffles, 1822), Gorilla gorilla (Savage, 1847), Glaucomys volans (Linnaeus, 1758), Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Geomys bursarius (Shaw, 1800), Gazella thomsonii Günther, 1884, Gazella subgutturosa (Güldenstaedt, 1780), Gazella leptoceros (F.Cuvier, 1842), Gazella dorcas (Linnaeus, 1758), Gazella dama (Pallas, 1766), Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758), Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758, Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758, Eulemur macaco (Linnaeus, 1766), Erythrocebus patas (Schreber, 1774), Erinaceus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758, Equus zebra Linnaeus, 1758, Equus przewalskii Poliakov, 1881, Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758, Eptesicus fuscus (Palisot de Beauvois, 1796), Elephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758, Dugong dugon (Müller, 1776), Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792, Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758), Connochaetes taurinus (Burchell, 1823), Connochaetes gnou (Zimmermann, 1780), Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780), Chinchilla laniger (Molina, 1782), Cervus unicolor Kerr, 1792, Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838, Cervus eldii M'Clelland, 1842, Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758, Cervus duvaucelii G.Cuvier, 1823, Cervus albirostris Przewalski, 1883, Cercopithecus talapoin Schreber, 1774, Cercopithecus campbelli Waterhouse, 1838, Cercopithecus aethiops (Linnaeus, 1758), Cercocebus torquatus (Kerr, 1792), Cercocebus albigena (Gray, 1850), Ceratotherium simum (Burchell, 1817), Cavia porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758), Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758, Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820, Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758), Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758, Capra falconeri (Wagner, 1839), Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758, Canis latrans Say, 1823, Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758, Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus, 1758, Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus, 1758), Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi Thomas, 1911, Bubalus depressicornis (C.H.Smith, 1827), Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas, 1766), Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758, Bos indicus Linnaeus, 1758, Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758), Bison bison (Linnaeus, 1758), Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777), Atelerix albiventris (Wagner, 1841), Ateles belzebuth É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1806, Apodemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834), Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771), Antilope cervicapra (Linnaeus, 1758), Antidorcas marsupialis (Zimmermann, 1780), Antechinus stuartii Macleay, 1841, Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758, Ammotragus lervia (Pallas, 1777), Aepyceros melampus (Lichtenstein, 1812), Addax nasomaculatus (Blainville, 1816), Acinonyx jubatus (Schreber, 1775))", "Year 2000-2025" ] } The dataset includes 3541660 records from 57 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005244-250227182400228/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.382 | 0.454 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".