Bibliographic record
Abstract
A dataset containing 22865 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation", "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters 0.0-1000.0", "Country is one of (United States of America, Canada)", "Geometry POLYGON((-105.10552 31.14198,-55.9259 31.14198,-55.9259 51.02444,-105.10552 51.02444,-105.10552 31.14198))", "HasCoordinate is true", "HasGeospatialIssue is false", "Issue is one of (Zero coordinate, Coordinate out of range, Coordinate invalid, Coordinate reprojected, Coordinate reprojection failed, Coordinate reprojection suspicious, Coordinate accuracy invalid, Coordinate precision invalid, Coordinate uncertainty meters invalid, Coordinate precision/uncertainty mismatch, Footprint SRS invalid, Footprint WKT invalid, Country coordinate mismatch, Country mismatch, Country invalid, Country derived from coordinates, Continent country mismatch, Continent invalid, Continent derived from coordinates, Presumed swapped coordinate, Presumed negated longitude, Presumed negated latitude, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date unlikely, Taxon match fuzzy, Taxon match aggregate, Taxon match none, Depth not metric, Depth unlikely, Depth min max swapped, Depth non numeric, Elevation unlikely, Elevation min max swapped, Elevation not metric, Elevation non numeric, Modified date invalid, Modified date unlikely, Identified date unlikely, Identified date invalid, Basis of record invalid, Type status invalid, Multimedia URI invalid, References URI invalid, Error during interpretation, Individual count invalid, Individual count conflicts with occurrence status, Occurrence status unparsable, Occurrence status inferred from individual count, ccurrence status inferred from basis of record, Georeferenced date unlikely, Georeferenced date invalid, Ambiguous institution, Ambiguous collection, Institution match none, Collection match none, Institution match fuzzy, Collection match fuzzy, Institution collection mismatch, Possibly on loan, Different owner institution)", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Testudines", "Year 2000-2022" ] } The dataset includes 22865 records from 112 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020251-220831081235567/datasets/export for details. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.311 | 0.380 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".