Cape Espenberg Birnirk Project (CEBP) human mitogenome summary analysis (2016-2019)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genetic characterization of past Inuit populations has been limited due to the lack of genetic information from individuals associated with the Birnirk culture (1300-700 BP). “Beringian-specific” maternal lineages A2a, A2b1, and D4b1a2a1a have been documented in Thule Inuit populations (950-50 BP) throughout the North American Arctic. However, only haplotype A2a has been reported in five individuals excavated from the Paipelghak site on Chukotka peninsula. It remains unclear if Birnirk individuals are genetically distinct from Thule Inuit populations. Genetic research of past populations from western Alaska, a proposed transition area between the Birnirk and Thule material cultures, provides an opportunity to address this uncertainty. Segments from the first hypervariable region of the mitochondrial control region were sequenced from thirty-eight Birnirk individuals from the Alaskan North Slope and two Thule individuals excavated from Cape Espenberg. Twenty-three individuals yielded full, contamination-free control region sequences and possess mitochondrial lineages A2a, A2a1, A2a3, A2b1, and D4b1a2a1a. These results indicate an expansion of the observed maternal lineage diversity and confirms Birnirk populations as direct maternal ancestors to the Thule Inuit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.048 | 0.025 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".