The Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network Interactive Atlas of Professional Pharmacist Services
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the role and scope of pharmacists in Canada has broadened to provide a more effective platform upon which to contribute to outcomes-driven medication management.<sup>1</sup> Community pharmacists are among the most accessible health care providers within the community-based health care system and have offered a growing list of professional pharmacy services as a consequence of professional evolution.<sup>1,2</sup> Since 2007, the government of Ontario has leveraged community pharmacist expertise in medication management by introducing and remunerating community pharmacies for the following professional pharmacist services: medication reviews through MedsCheck programs (Annual, Diabetes, Home, Long-Term Care),<sup>3-6</sup> communicating with prescribers regarding drug therapy-related problems (Pharmaceutical Opinion program),<sup>7,8</sup> providing smoking cessation counselling services (pharmacy smoking cessation program)<sup>9</sup> and administering influenza immunizations<sup>10,11</sup> (Figure 1). Pharmacies submit claims to the Ontario government through the Ontario Drug Benefit program for renumeration for each service (Table 1). We received funding from the Government of Ontario as part of the Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network (OPEN) program peer-reviewed Health Service Research Fund to complete descriptive analyses of professional pharmacy services delivery across the province. These analyses are introduced here as the OPEN Interactive Atlas of Professional Pharmacist Services (Box 1).<sup>12</sup> This research brief provides an overview with technical detail to support the Atlas.<sup>12</sup> Future briefs will summarize each service separately.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.049 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it