3-D Simulations of the Gravitational Collapse of Logatropic Molecular Cloud Cores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present the results of fully 3-D hydrodynamic simulations of the gravitational collapse of isolated, turbulent molecular cloud cores. Starting from initial states of hydrostatic equilibrium, we follow the collapse of both singular and nonsingular logatropic cores until the central protostar has accreted > 90% of the total available mass. We find that, in the collapse of a singular core with access to a finite mass reservoir, the mass of the central protostar increases as M_acc proportional to t^4 until it has accreted about 35% of the total available mass. For nonsingular cores of fiducial masses 1, 2.5, and 5 M_solar, we find that protostellar accretion proceeds slowly prior to the formation of a singular density profile. Immediately thereafter, the accretion rate in each case increases to about 10^{-6} M_solar/yr, for cores with central temperature T_c= 10 K and truncation pressure P_s = 1.3E5 k_B K/cm^3. It remains at that level until half the available mass has been accreted. After this point, the accretion rate falls steadily as the remaining material is accreted onto the growing protostellar core. We suggest that this general behaviour of the protostellar accretion rate may be indicative of evolution from the Class 0 to the Class I protostellar phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".