Observations of MSTIDs/GWs at the F2 layer heights in the near equatorial region.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ionospheric vertical sounding observations, using a digital ionosonde (Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde(CADI)) , arebeing carried out on a routine basis at Manaus (2,9 0 S; 60,0 0 W; dip latitude 6,4 N, hereafter referred to as MAN), Brazil, locatedbetween the geographic and geomagnetic dip equators, since August 2002, (Fig. 1). The medium scale traveling ionosphericdisturbance (MSTID) signatures, induced by gravity waves (GWs), in the F2 layer can be observed sometimes during daytime in theiso-frequency plots of virtual height daily variations for six fixed frequencies (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 MHz) which show quasi-periodicoscillations (crests and valleys). The crests and valleys when seen in close frequencies present a phase difference (i.e., first it isobserved at higher frequency then at lower frequency), indicating a downward phase velocity (Fig. 2C). However, these MSTIDscannot be observed during the pre-reversal period because of the presence of strong eastward electric field in the equatorialregion which possibly swamps the MSTID signatures (Fig. 2). This paper presents and discusses the relationship betweenpropagation of MSTID/GW at F-region heights and generation of equatorial spread F (ESF) (Fig. 2A). Also, a comparison betweenESF observed in the equatorial region of the Brazilian sector and other sectors will be presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".